黄河三角洲典型生态脆弱区土壤质量退化特征及其对土地利用变化的响应

Taking Kenli County of the Yellow River Delta as the core research area, information of soil quality and land use were obtained through historical data collection, field survey, sampling analysis, and satellite remote sensing methods. Sensitive indicators of soil quality degradation were selected, and evaluation index system and quantitative models were established. The comprehensive indicators of soil quality degradation based on remote sensing imagery were further derived. The temporal and spatial change rule and degradation characteristics of soil fertility, salinization, and soil comprehensive quality were explored based on soil quality evaluation, degradation assessment, and remote sensing retrieval. Afterwards multi-temporal land use and land cover information of the study area was acquired by quantitative remote sensing methods, and temporal and spatial changes of land use were analyzed. The impact of land use changes on soil quality degradation was clarified by the spatial-temporal linkage of soil quality degradation and land use changes, as well as analysis of their inherent relations. Through this research, the spatial-temporal characteristics of soil quality degradation and its response to land use changes in the study area will be revealed, and a typical case study of soil degradation and land use effects in coastal saline soil ecological fragile region will be provided. Theory and decision making basis will be suggested for soil resource sustainable utilization in ecological fragile region, and the national efficient and ecological economy construction in the Yellow River Delta.

以黄河三角洲垦利县为核心研究区，通过历史资料搜集、实地调查与采样分析和卫星遥感手段，获取土壤质量及其土地利用信息，筛选土壤质量退化的敏感指标，构建土壤质量退化评估指标体系和定量模型，进而构建基于遥感图像的土壤质量退化综合指标。通过对土壤质量评价分析、退化评估和遥感反演，摸清研究区土壤肥力、盐碱化和土壤综合质量的时空演变规律及其退化特征。在此基础上，以定量遥感方法提取研究区多时相土地利用/覆盖信息，分析土地利用时空变化，进而进行土壤质量退化与土地利用及其变化的时空链接，分析二者内在关系，厘清研究区土地利用变化对土壤质量退化的影响。通过研究，探明研究区土壤质量退化的时空特征及其对土地利用变化的响应，提供滨海盐渍土生态脆弱区土壤退化及其土地利用效应研究的典型案例，为生态脆弱区土壤资源的可持续利用、为黄河三角洲国家级高效生态经济建设提供理论和决策依据。

土壤质量退化及其土地利用效应是各方关注的热点之一，本研究以黄河三角洲垦利县为核心研究区，通过历史资料搜集、实地调查观测、实验室分析、光谱估测和卫星遥感手段，获取土壤质量及其土地利用信息，系统研究了该区土壤退化特征及其对土地利用的响应。通过研究，摸清了研究区土地利用时空动态及其驱动因素；构建了土壤退化评估指标体系和基于遥感图像的土壤退化遥感指标，实现了研究区土壤退化状况的系统评估与遥感反演；深入分析了盐碱退化土壤的光谱特征，提出了滨海盐渍土盐分含量野外高光谱估测与遥感图像定量反演方法，摸清了研究区土壤盐碱退化的空间特征、季节特征及变异规律。在此基础上，进行了土壤退化与土地利用及其变化的时空链接，探明了研究区不同土地利用方式对土壤理化性质的影响，明确了研究区主要农作物利用及其变化对土壤盐碱退化的响应。本研究较好探明了滨海盐渍土生态脆弱区土壤质量退化的时空特征及其对土地利用的响应，为土壤退化及其土地利用效应研究提供了典型案例和有效定量方法，为黄河三角洲土壤资源的可持续利用和经济社会的可持续发展提供了理论和决策依据。