双脚视角下单列行人流步进动力学特征、规律与机理研究

The improper stepping behavior (e.g., coupled synchronization) may be adverse to the stability of the buildings under the feet of pedestrians, give rise to many possible emergencies, and thus influence the safety of the pedestrian traffic. This study aims to address how pedestrians adjust their footsteps under different crowd densities, what density results in the highest incidence of step synchronization, and other related key questions, breaks through the conventional thinking of pedestrian flow study, takes the pedestrian’s left and right feet as the starting point of study, develops a novel single-file pedestrian flow experiment, realizes the simultaneous tracking of pedestrian’s left and right feet and head movement, acquires more accurate and comprehensive original pedestrian flow data, then explores deeply the characteristics, rules and mechanisms of the pedestrian flow and the stepping dynamics by means of the statistical mechanics, addresses how pedestrians adjust their footsteps under different crowd densities, what density results in the highest incidence of step synchronization, and other pedestrian traffic efficiency and safety-related key scientific questions, so as to provide a new research perspective for the study of the pedestrian traffic flow, promote the development of pedestrian traffic flow study, and also provide an important theoretical basis for pedestrian traffic safety management.

人群不当的步进行为（例如耦合同步）对承载人流的建筑物的稳定性具有极为不利的影响，也是很多突发事故的诱因，影响着行人交通安全。本研究以解答“行人如何在不同的密度情况下调整自身脚步的移动特征？”，“人群在什么样的密度情况下最有可能引发自组织同步效应？”等一系列关键性科学问题为导向，突破以往行人流研究的常规思路，以行人左右双脚作为研究切入点，设计开展新颖的单列行人流实验，实现对行人左右双脚及头部移动状态的同步追踪，获得更加精准、全面的行人流原始数据，结合统计力学方法，深度探索行人流及步进动力学的特征、规律与机理，解答“行人如何在不同的情况下调整自身脚步的移动特征？”，“人群在什么样的密度情况下最有可能引发自组织同步效应？”等一系列与行人交通“效率”，“安全”息息相关的关键性科学问题。为行人交通流研究提供一个新颖的研究视角，推动行人交通流研究的发展，也为行人交通安全管理等工作提供重要的理论依据。

通过设计开展单列行人流实验，从行人脚步移动视角揭示了单列行人流特征、规律与机理。研究发现了单列行人流中行人步进速度、步进频率、步长等基本的行人流参数与行人间距之间的基本函数关系。另外，本项目发现了单列行人流中行人同步的发生规律与机制，揭示了单列行人流中行人同步最有可能在最大流密度时发生，并揭示了行人同步本质上是由脚下安全距离不足所引发。本项目的研究成果为行人交通流研究提供一个新颖的研究视角，推动行人交通流研究的发展，能够为行人交通安全管理等工作提供重要的理论依据。