受限空间油气爆炸抑制机理及应用基础研究

Fire and explosion caused by gasoline-air mixture in confined space usually are the most serious safety accidents in the fields of oil and gas exploitation, storage & transportation and use, petrochemical industry, city gas and municipal works, fuel strategic reserves and military oil supply engineering, etc., which often lead to massive losses. The systematic and deep experiments, including the deep experimental Research of gasoline-air mixture explosion suppression process "details", of gasoline-air mixture explosion suppression process in confined spaces for different explosion suppression medium and complex environmental conditions are carried out in this project. The theoretical analysis for the experimental results will be completed too. The suppression media involve gas, liquid and solid state ones. The complex environmental conditions refer to different initial concentration of hydrocarbon, O2, CO, CO2, solid inert particles and carbon black, different initial temperature and humidity, different explosion suppression agents' concentration and filling volume. The complex environmental conditions also include uniform and non-uniform distribution of explosion suppression agents and the changes of experimental device's scale, etc. The special explosion suppression mechanism for the different explosion suppression agents will be explored and the analysis model for the gas explosion suppression process will also be established based on the unified theory of detailed chemical kinetics and thermodynamics. The numerical simulation research on gaseous explosion suppression process in confined space will be completed and the numerical analysis platform will be established at last. The research results will enrich the gaseous explosion and the controlling science theoretic system and be helpful for establishing the scientific basis for the development of advanced technology on gaseous explosion suppression in confined space, as well as for the applications of safety protection engineering. The efforts made in this project have great social, economic and military application value.

受限空间油气火灾爆炸在石油与天然气开采、储运与使用，石化，城市燃气与市政、能源战略储备、军事供油工程等领域一直是造成损失最为惨重的重大安全事故。本项目将对受限空间不同类型抑爆介质（气固液态）油气（轻质油料蒸汽混合物、天然气）爆炸抑制过程进行复杂环境条件下系统（不同初始油气浓度、温度、湿度、O2、CO、CO2、固体惰性颗粒、碳黑，不同抑爆剂浓度与充填容积、均匀与非均匀分布等配置，实验装置大范围尺度变化等）、深入模拟实验（包括油气爆炸火焰抑制"细节"的深化实验研究）及理论分析；探索不同类型抑爆介质油气爆炸抑制作用机理、建立基于详细化学反应动力学与热力学统一的油气抑爆过程分析模型；完成受限空间复杂条件下油气爆炸抑制过程数值模拟研究及数值分析平台建设。研究成果将丰富可燃气爆炸及控制科学理论体系，奠定受限空间油气爆炸抑制先进技术研发、安全防护工程应用等的科学基础，具有重大的社会、经济和军事应用价值。

本项目站在受限空间可燃气爆炸控制研究领域的前沿，针对实际工程应用背景对受限空间油气抑爆应用基础研究的需求，完成了不同工况条件下、受限空间不同类型抑爆剂抑爆过程可视化、特征参数演变规律、临界判据、相似关系、设计方法与分析计算式等实验和分析研究；基于深入的“细节”研究，探索了抑爆过程关键现象、特殊机理等，建立了相应的分析模型，完成了相关理论研究和数值仿真研究。该项目共发表学术论文20篇（任务书预期成果论文基数13篇）。其中国际期刊11篇（任务书预期成果国际期刊论文基数2篇），国内期刊9篇（任务书预期成果国际期刊论文基数6篇），SCI检索8篇、EI检索14篇。出版专著1部（任务书预期成果出版专著1部）。授权发明专利2项、实用新型专利1项（任务书预期成果发明专利2项）。该项目研究成果所有指标都超过任务书预期指标。研究成果指导了抑爆技术研发和抑爆装置研制，这些成果和其他成果一起，获军队科技进步一等奖1项（该项目负责人在该科技进步一等奖中排名第一）。该项目所取得的成果，丰富了可燃气爆炸及控制科学理论体系，和前期已完成的研究相结合，奠定了科学、有效、经济控制受限空间重大爆燃事故发生、发展的应用基础、必将推动受限空间涉及油料、天然气等介质爆炸控制安全防护技术快速发展。