菌丝球促进颗粒污泥形成的作用机制及其稳定性调控策略

Aerobic granule technology has great potential in wastewater treatment. However, long start-up duration of sludge granulation and poor stability are the most important problems hindering its engineering applications. The utilization of precursors serving as carriers or nucleis for bacterium growth has been regarded as an efficient method for granule initiation，thus accelerating the sludge granulation. The characteristics of mycelial pellets indicate their feasibility and advantages as carrier for granule formation. Based on the treatment efficiencies of COD, N and P in wastewater by SBR, the effect of mycelial pellets on aerobic sludge granulation will be investigated in this study. The structure and performance of the granules and microbial ecophysiological ecology will be analyzed, and operating parameters of the system will be optimized. The accelerating mechanism of mycelial pellets on the formation of aerobic granuls will be then well illustrated. Based on above research, a method using mycelial pellets as microbial carrier for rapid construction of aerobic granules will be proposed and optimized. And bio-enhanced measures using functional bacteria will be taken to strengthen nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency during the granule construction. Finally, by means of enhancement of construction and performance stability of granules, optimization of system operating parameters and optimization of reactor design, efficient control strategies for the stability of aerobic granule system will be established. This research will provide theoretic basis and technical supports for practical applications of aerobic granule technology in wastewater treatment.

好氧颗粒污泥技术在污水处理中具有很好的应用前景，但颗粒污泥系统启动时间长、稳定性差是该技术工程化应用的主要制约因素。诱导核（或骨架）的存在可以加快污泥的颗粒化进度，菌丝球的特性表明了其作为颗粒污泥核心骨架的可行性和优势。本研究将围绕SBR系统对污水中COD、N、P的处理效能，探讨菌丝球对好氧颗粒污泥形成的影响，分析颗粒污泥的特性和微生物生理生态学特征，结合系统运行参数的优化，阐明菌丝球促进好氧颗粒污泥形成的作用机制。在此基础上，以菌丝球为载体快速构建好氧颗粒污泥体系，并利用功能菌强化颗粒污泥的脱氮除磷效能。最后，通过增强颗粒污泥的结构和效能稳定性、优化系统运行参数及优化反应器设计等措施，形成有效的好氧颗粒污泥系统稳定性调控策略。本研究可为好氧颗粒污泥技术的工程化推广应用提供强有力的理论指导和技术支撑。

好氧颗粒污泥技术作为服务“双碳”战略最具潜力和应用前景的前瞻性技术之一，受到了国内外水务行业的关注。针对好氧颗粒污泥系统启动时间长，运行不稳定的问题，结合菌丝球独特的载体优势，创新性地提出了采用菌丝球促进好氧颗粒污泥系统快速形成的强化策略，从菌丝球的优化培养及成球调控机制、菌丝球作为活性污泥体系外源物质的可行性分析、菌丝球促进好氧颗粒污泥快速形成的效能及作用机制、以菌丝球为载体构建好氧颗粒污泥及生物强化脱氮效能、好氧颗粒污泥系统稳定运行调控策略、反应器构型优化及运行效能等方面开展研究，综合全面评估了应用菌丝球诱导形成好氧颗粒污泥的可行性及其应用潜力。本研究成果可为好氧颗粒污泥技术的实际推广应用提供强有力的理论指导和技术支撑。.通过本研究，1）明确了菌丝球促进好氧颗粒污泥形成的效能及其作用机制，为好氧颗粒污泥系统的快速启动、构建好氧颗粒污泥提供理论指导；2）建立以菌丝球为载体的好氧颗粒污泥快速构建方法，并优化了生物强化脱氮的效能；3）形成了包括菌丝球接种量、有机负荷、曝气强度、流态优化等在内的好氧颗粒污泥系统稳定性运行的调控策略；4）进行了颗粒污泥反应器的构型优化，在连续流反应器中了也实现了菌丝球强化污泥颗粒化的效能。项目执行期间，发表学术论文10篇 ，其中SCI一区论文8篇；申请发明专利2项，授权1项；培养博士研究生1名，培养硕士研究生9名；参加国内学术会议2次。