基于非对称浸润性的仿生纳米通道：智能门控机理和器件研究

Biological ion channels are asymmetric wettability, which are gated by interior hydrophobic girdles. Biomimicking the smart-gating ion transport properties of the ion channels might have great potential applications in many fields, such as energy conversion or mass transport. At present, the development of biomimetic nanochannels with asymmetric wettability is still in its infancy, and few works has been reported. In this project, we will develop bio-inspired smart-gating nanodevices based on asymmetric wettability. Firstly, the intelligent single nanopore will be built to study the mechanisms of its smart-gating ion translocation via the transmembrane currents and physical models. Secondly, based on the mechanism study, the efficient porous membrane materials with smart-gating function will be fabricated. And then macro prototype devices can be built by integrating smart porous membrans with microfluidic chips. The applicant builds novel biomimeitc smart devices based on the biological intrinsic link between structure, composition, and the special function. Thus, this smart system will open up a new avenue in building biomimeitc nanodevices based on the smart ion translocation and give impetus to the smart bionic technology toward the goal of prototype devices.

生命体内的离子通道浸润性是不对称的，通过内侧疏水带来调控通道的开关，从而控制离子输运。制备浸润性不对称的仿生智能门控纳米通道材料，将在能量转换以及物质传输等领域将有着重要的应用前景。目前，国内外基于非对称浸润性的仿生纳米通道的研究还处于初步探索阶段，迄今为止仍然鲜有相关方面的报道。本项目的研究拟设计并开发受生物启发的、基于非对称浸润性的仿生智能门控纳米器件。首先通过测量孔道的跨膜电势的方法和建立物理模型来研究基于非对称浸润性的智能单纳米孔道门控离子传输的机理性问题。在此机理研究的基础上，开发高效的性能优越的多孔膜材料，通过与微流芯片的集成，制备宏观原型器件。本项目利用生物体中的特定结构、组成及其特殊功能之间的内在联系，构筑了一种新型的仿生智能纳米器件，为智能纳米仿生技术向着原型器件的目标有实质性的推进。

经过超过40亿年的发展，自然创造了许多具有独特结构和功能的生物。这些生物为科学家创制具有特殊功能和用途的材料和器件提供了许多启发。本项目已贻贝仿生化学为基础，发展了许多材料表面功能化方法并研究了这些材料和器件在环境吸附和生物医学方面的应用。具体研究结果如下：1）发展了多种材料表面贻贝仿生修饰方法，实现了纳米复合材料的定向设计和制备，包括类贻贝仿生、贻贝仿生和Michael加成、贻贝仿生和表面自由基聚合、贻贝仿生和多组分反应，所制备的吸附剂和未经过修饰的吸附剂相比，吸附能力有近10倍的提升。2）发展了基于多巴胺，多巴胺和氨基化合物自聚合制备荧光纳米材料的方法，和常规的荧光高分子制备相比，这类制备方法具备方法简单、条件温和、可设计性强等特点。3）在贻贝仿生相关研究领域发表综述和研究论文超过50篇，高被引论文4篇；特别是在环境吸附和生物医用方向具有一定特色。