基于石墨烯强化的凹凸棒石润滑脂的减摩修复机理

The friction and wear of mechanical component is a significant difficult problem around the whole world. Having the micro damage on the rubbing surface in-suit repaired is an effective manner to reduce friction and wear. This project is based on the research foundation that tribochemical reaction can occur between the attapulgite lubricating material and the worn metal surface to form repaired coating. The two kinds of lubricating materials, attapulgite and graphene, were used as constituent element. Through adjusting the ratio of components and optimizing the preparation process, the attapulgite grease reinforced by graphene with excellent performance were prepared. The purpose of preparing this new kind of attapulgite grease is to improve the mechanical properties, self-lubricating property and antiwear property of the repaired coating by utilizing the excellent mechanical properties and lubricity of graphene. Through systematic and scientific tribological test and characterization analysis, the tribological behavior of the grease was studied. The antifriction and repairing mechanism of the grease was revealed. The design principles of components and preparation process for the attapulgite grease with high performance were proposed. This research has an important scientific significance on the development for the research and application of attapulgite and graphene in the field of tribology. It can also provide theoretical basis and technical support for the research and development of a new kind of antifriction and repairing materials.

机械零部件的摩擦磨损是全世界面临的重大难题，对磨损表面的微损伤实现原位修复是一种减小摩擦、降低磨损的有效途径。本项目基于凹凸棒石润滑材料能与金属磨损表面发生摩擦化学反应生成修复层的研究基础上，拟以凹凸棒石和石墨烯两种润滑材料为组元，通过调控组元配比、优化制备工艺，制备性能优异的基于石墨烯强化的凹凸棒石润滑脂，旨在利用石墨烯优异的力学性能和润滑性，改善修复层的力学性能、自润滑性和抗磨性。通过系统科学的摩擦学试验和表征分析，研究润滑脂的摩擦学行为规律，揭示润滑脂的减摩修复机理，提出高性能凹凸棒石润滑脂的组分设计准则和制备工艺流程。本研究为拓展凹凸棒石和石墨烯在摩擦学领域的研究和应用具有重要的科学意义，并可为研发新型减摩修复材料提供理论依据和技术支撑。

磨损事故一般起始于早期的轻度表面微损伤，对磨损表面的微损伤实现原位在线修复是降低摩擦、减小磨损的一种行之有效的方法。凹凸棒石是一类具有独特在线修复功能的硅酸盐材料，近年来在摩擦学领域成为研究热点。本项目以制备高性能的新型润滑剂并深入揭示其减摩修复机理为目标，制备了凹凸棒石/石墨烯和凹凸棒石/氧化镧两种复合材料，并以其为原料制备了新型润滑剂，系统考察了新型润滑剂在不同接触模式和试验条件下的减摩性和抗磨性，对润滑剂的减摩修复机理进行了探究。研究表明，与凹凸棒石相比，两种复合材料制备的润滑剂表现出更加优异的减摩性和抗磨性，尤其是重载、高频和高温的试验条件下。摩擦过程中，金属摩擦副与凹凸棒石粉体之间发生摩擦化学反应，生成主要成分为Fe、Fe3C、FeO、Fe2O3、FeOOH、Al2O3、SiO2、SiOx和有机化合物的修复层。石墨烯和氧化镧可以起到促进摩擦化学反应的作用，从而改善了凹凸棒石的减摩性和抗磨性。本项目的研究为推进凹凸棒石、石墨烯和稀土化合物在摩擦学领域的研究和实际应用提供了一定的实验依据和理论支持。