云南省典型植被的水分适宜性及其生态需水与区域旱灾的关系

Recently, the view that the cause of the drought disaster in southwest China was due to a man-made disaster has brought questions and controversies on the environmental friendliness of regional typical artificial vegetation such as Eucalyptus plantation, Hevea plantation, etc. How to recognize the cause of regional drought disaster and re-measure the "water pump" effect of regional artificial vegetation has become a great challenge for academia to meet. Based on the scientific consideration whether ecological water requirement from regional vegetation would change greatly with the temporal and spatial evolution of regional vegetation types, which would further lead to regional drought disaster or worsen it, in addition to the urgent need to strengthen the research on ecological water requirement from regional vegetation in southwest China, Kunming etc. would be set as examples in this project. With the help of historical regional meteorological information, statistics of drought and results from the early studies by this research group on temporal and spatial evolution of the regional typical vegetation, Crop Coefficient Approach recommended by FAO and multi statistical analysis were used to study water suitability of typical vegetation and the relationship between its ecological water requirement and regional drought disaster. The study would focus on: a) Ecological water requirement from regional typical vegetation and its historical succession; b) Water suitability of regional typical vegetation and its historical succession; and c) The relationship between ecological water requirement from regional typical vegetation and regional drought disaster. This study is expected to be of a far-reaching guiding significance for a scientific cognition on causes of regional drought disaster, for reasonable allocation of water resources, and for vegetation restoration and reconstruction, etc.

近年，西南旱灾"人祸"成因论的提出，再度引发人们对速生性人工植被桉林、橡胶林环境友好性的质疑和争议。如何科学认知区域旱灾成因和重新审视速生性人工植被的"抽水"效应已成为学术界面临的重大挑战。基于对区域植被的生态需水是否伴随区域植被类型的时空演变而发生剧烈变化进而诱发区域旱灾或加剧区域旱情的科学考量，并结合西南地区植被生态需水研究亟待加强的迫切需求，本项目拟以昆明等地为例，借助区域历史气象资料、旱灾（情）统计数据以及本研究组前期取得的有关区域植被时空演变的研究成果，采用FAO推荐的作物系数法结合多元统计分析方法，研究云南省典型植被的水分适宜性及其生态需水与区域旱灾的关系。重点研究：①区域典型植被的生态需水及其历史演变；②区域典型植被的水分适宜性及其历史演变；③区域典型植被生态需水与区域旱灾的关系。该研究对于科学认知区域旱灾成因、合理配置水资源以及植被恢复与重建等具有深远指导意义。

基于对区域植被的生态需水是否伴随区域植被类型的时空演变而发生剧烈变化进而诱发区域旱灾或加剧区域旱情的科学考量，并结合西南地区植被生态需水研究亟待加强的迫切需求，本项目拟以昆明等地为例，借助区域历史气象资料、旱灾（情）统计数据以及本研究组前期取得的有关区域植被时空演变的研究成果，采用FAO推荐的作物系数法结合多元统计分析方法，研究云南省典型植被的水分适宜性及其生态需水与区域旱灾的关系。重点研究了：①区域典型植被的生态需水及其历史演变；②区域典型植被的水分适宜性及其历史演变；③区域典型植被生态需水与区域旱灾的关系。该研究对于科学认知区域旱灾成因、合理配置水资源以及植被恢复与重建等具有深远指导意义。