高性能新型单频光纤激光器的研究

Single frequency fiber laser is an advanced laser with high performance, which has very important scientific and strategic value. It has been widely used in high-resolution interferometer, coherent communications, fiber optic sensing, LADAR and other fields. Currently, the research of single frequency fiber laser mainly focuses on the laser cavity design, tuning techniques, narrow linewidth and related devices. Some good results have been achieved. But most of achievements are only for the individual parameters, and the overall performance is not satisfied for applications. Especially, in our country, the research level of single frequency is relatively poor comparing to developed countries. And our commercialization in China for single frequency fiber lasers is nearly zero, leading to limitations and restrictions in some important high-tech fields by foreign countries. In this proposal, specialty fibers and high-performance single-frequency fiber lasers (new band and a new structure) are proposed and will be developed. We will deeply explore the scientific problems for ultra-narrow linewidth and ultra-low noise single-frequency continuous fiber lasers. We will design and fabricate single-frequency fiber lasers with advanced overall parameters（including high power or high pulse energy）. And the high power CW and high energy pulsed single-frequency fiber lasers will be developed. The developments of all the proposed single frequency fiber lasers with new wavelengths and new configurations will surely promote our research level for single-frequency fiber lasers, which will strongly push the development level of the related applications and devices, and serve our modern society and national defense construction.

单频光纤激光器具有重要科学及战略价值，被广泛应用于高分辨干涉仪、光纤传感和激光雷达等重大领域中，近年来单频光纤激光器的研究主要是围绕结构设计、调谐技术、线宽压窄等方面展开，取得了一定成果，但总体停留在单项指标的提高上，整体性能不高，特别是同发达国家相比，我国在单频光纤激光器科学研究和生产技术方面非常薄弱，导致国内相关领域应用的单频光纤激光器一直依赖进口。本项目针对现有单频光纤激光器的不足提出了新型（新波段和新结构）高性能单频光纤激光器的研制方法，结合对特殊光纤的研制、超窄线宽超低噪声单频连续光纤激光器科学问题的探索,获得整体指标先进的单频光纤激光器设计方案和制造方法，同时深入研究高功率连续和高能量脉冲单频光纤激光器的科学局限，取得国际领先的高功率和高能量单频光纤激光输出。该项目的成功完成必将推动我国单频光纤激光器的研究水平，进而推动相关领域应用和相关器件的研制水平，服务于我国现代化建设中来

高性能单频光纤激光器在精密测量、相干雷达、传感、国防等领域有重要战略需求和应用前景。我国在单频光纤激光器结构设计、调谐技术、线宽压窄等方面取得了一定成果，但整体性能还有待提升，一些关键科学技术问题亟待解决。本项目提出了新型（新波段和新结构）高性能单频光纤激光器的研制方法，通过对特殊光纤研制以及超窄线宽、超低噪声实现方法的科学探索，获得整体指标先进的单频光纤激光器；同时，深入研究高功率连续和高能量脉冲单频光纤激光器的科学局限，获得高功率和高能量单频光纤激光输出。.获得的重要结果和数据包括：.(1).新波段、新结构单频光纤激光器研究.采用掺钕、掺镱、掺铒和掺铥及铒/镱共掺等有源光纤，基于短腔DBR结构、单向环形腔以及可饱和吸收体等新结构，实现了波长930nm、1064nm、1550nm、1.9μm和2μm的单频光纤激光输出，极大拓展了单频光纤激光器的波长覆盖范围。获得1064nm单频光纤激光器线宽小于1kHz；采用同带泵浦的2µm全石英光纤单频激光器获得最高120mW的输出功率；利用SMS器件实现了2004nm的单频激光输出。.(2).超窄线宽超低噪声单频连续光纤激光器研究.采用SBS技术对2μm激光线宽进行压缩，实现了0.93kHz的超窄线宽激光输出，线宽压缩比大于35倍；针对单频激光在放大过程中线宽展宽的问题，开展了单频光纤放大器的线宽演化特性及影响因素研究。.(3).新型激光玻璃以及特种光纤的制造与研究.研究预制棒制备工艺和光纤拉制工艺，制备了5wt.% 掺杂浓度的掺镱硅酸盐玻璃、光纤以及8wt.% 掺杂浓度的掺铥硅酸盐玻璃、光纤；基于新型掺镱磷酸盐光纤得到脉冲能量为21.2μJ、兆瓦峰值功率的22ps脉冲激光。.(4).高功率、高能量单频脉冲光纤激光器的研究.理论研究放大器的信号光线宽、脉宽、泵浦结构、光纤参数等对单频光纤放大器性能的影响；基于主动和被动调Q及NPR锁模分别搭建了1μm和2μm的脉冲激光器，提出了基于SMS器件中Kerr效应的被动调Q方法；搭建连续波和脉冲单频光纤放大器，分别获得功率为56W的1.5μm单频连续激光和脉冲能量为150μJ的脉冲激光。