华北“干涸断流”河流廊道景观空间衰退研究——以永定河北京干涸河段为例

Aiming at the serious problems of drying-up and severe degradation of river corridors in many rivers in North China, with the aid of analysis software including NEVI, ARCGIS, FRAGSTATS, SPSS, etc., the research on drying up r the decline of landscape space of drying up rivers’ corridor is carried out by using remote sensing technology, geographic information system technology, landscape pattern analysis, buffer zone analysis, principal component analysis and other technical methods, following the research approach of " scope-pattern-type-driving force" of river corridor landscape space, and taking the perennial dried-up section located in " Sanjiadian-city boundary" in Beijing of Yongding River as the research area.Through the quantitative comparative analysis of before and after the drying-up, this paper reveals the attenuation law of the corridor effect space radiation range, the characteristics of the decline of landscape spatial pattern, and the key landscape types and driving forces in the landscape evolution of dried up rivers in North China. This will make up for the deficiency of existing relevant research and provide important scientific and technological support and scientific guidance for ecological restoration and corridor reconstruction of dried-up rivers  in Yongding river and other dried-up rivers north China.

针对我国华北地区不少河流“干涸断流”、河流廊道重度退化的严重问题，借助NEVI、ARCGIS、FRAGSTATS、SPSS等分析软件，综合运用遥感技术、地理信息系统技术、缓冲带分析法、景观格局分析法、转移矩阵分析法、主成分分析法等技术方法，以永定河北京市“三家店—市界”常年干涸河段为研究区域，开展“干涸河流”廊道景观空间衰退研究。遵循河流廊道景观空间“范围—格局—类型—驱动力”的研究思路，通过“断流前—断流后”的量化对比分析，揭示华北“干涸河流”廊道效应空间辐射范围衰减规律、景观空间格局衰退的特征，以及景观演变中关键景观类型和驱动力。这将弥补现有相关研究的不足，并对永定河及华北地区“干涸河流”生态修复和廊道重建提供重要的科学支撑和指导作用。

针对我国华北地区部分河流“干涸断流”导致河流廊道重度退化的严重问题，以永定河北京市卢沟桥到市界常年干涸河段为研究区域，借助NEVI、GIS、FRAGSTATS等分析平台，综合运用地理信息系统技术、缓冲带分析法、景观格局分析法、转移矩阵分析法等多种技术方法，开展“断流河流”廊道景观空间衰退研究。通过“断流前—断流后”的量化对比分析，揭示研究区段河流廊道景观衰退状况。通过研究发现永定河断流前主要包括8类景观类型，各景观类型构成比例合理，景观格局较为自然。而断流后各个历史时期内水体、边滩和河心洲均严重退化，近乎消失，林地等景观类型大量增加。断流后河流廊道整体景观格局趋于复杂化，整体景观呈现较为严重的衰退趋势，景观格局的连通度下降、破碎程度加重，多样性降低。通过研究明确了永定河干涸断流河流廊道的景观衰退状况，为相关研究提供了一定的参考，也为永定河及华北地区“干涸河流”生态修复和廊道重建提供重要的支撑和参考。