Bone metastasis is believed to be a main factor causing death of breast cancer and approximately 70% of patients with breast cancer have bone metastases. Investigation of the mechanisms underlying bone metastasis and exploration for new oncology therapeutics has been highly highlighted in oncology research. Our preliminary study found that miR-4443 may regulate the migration of breast cancer cells througth targeting tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP2). Therefore, we propose that exosome-mediated transfer of cancer-secreted miR-4443 distub the balanse between TIMPs and matrix metalloproteinases and inhibit the anticancer activety of TIMP2 by targeting TIMP2 in microenvironment, and consequently cancer cells migration from the original site and survival in the bone. To test our proposal, we plan to uncover the molecular mechanism of exosomal miR-4443 promoting bone metastasis through regulting both original site and distanct bone microenvironment. We also plan to investigate the possible therapeutic application of inhibiting the expression of miR-4443 in breast cancer. The success of this study will provide a new therapeutic approach for the clinical treatment of metastasis cancers.
骨转移是导致乳腺癌患者死亡的主要原因,约70%的乳腺癌患者在自然病程中发生骨转移,因此探索乳腺癌骨转移的分子机制并籍此寻找治疗的新策略,已成为乳腺癌研究领域亟待突破的难题,也是实现肿瘤个体化治疗的重要途径。我们的前期研究发现miR-4443可能是通过靶向下调基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂2(TIMP2)而影响乳腺癌细胞的侵袭性,结合文献报道,我们提出:乳腺癌来源的微泡miR-4443通过调控微环境中TIMP2的表达而抑制TIMP2的抗癌活性和导致TIMPs和基质金属蛋白酶表达失衡,进而促进癌细胞的侵袭转移和在远端骨骼的定植生长。为了证明这一假设,我们将系统分析微泡miR-4443近距调控肿瘤微环境导致癌细胞脱离原发灶和远距调控骨骼微环境导致癌细胞定植生长的分子机制,同时阐明miR-4443在药物辅助治疗中应用的可能性。本研究的完成对于乳腺癌乃至肿瘤的治疗具有重要的应用价值。
乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤,转移是造成乳腺癌患者死亡的重要原因。外泌体miRNAs对微环境的调控与肿瘤的侵袭转移密切相关。前期实验,我们发现外泌体miR-4443可能通过靶向下调基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂2(TIMP2)而促进乳腺癌的骨转移。本课题在实际实施过程中发现外泌体miR-4443更容易导致乳腺癌的肝脏转移而不是骨转移。因此,本项目将研究内容调整为:①调查外泌体miR-4443调控肿瘤微环境促进乳腺癌细胞脱离原发灶的机制。②研究外泌体miR-4443调控肝脏微环境促进癌细胞在肝脏中定植生长的机制。③探讨抑制miR-4443表达的基因治疗的可行性。所取得的主要结果:高侵袭性乳腺癌细胞外泌体可增加低侵袭性乳腺癌细胞的侵袭性,并可传递miR-4443给肝脏基质细胞进而下调其TIMP2的表达;经富含miR-4443的外泌体处理裸鼠后,乳腺癌细胞易于在裸鼠肝脏中定植;以高表达miR-4443的乳腺癌细胞原位成瘤后,裸鼠易发肝脏转移,且原发灶和肝脏转移灶中TIMP2表达下调并伴有MMP2的上调;体内实验还证实,携带miR-4443抑制物的外泌体可作为基因治疗药物抑制乳腺癌的肝脏转移。本研究证实了乳腺癌通过外泌体介导的miR-4443下调微环境中TIMP2的表达和上调MMP2的表达而摧毁转移的天然屏障,进而导致肝脏转移的理论假设;并证实了下调miR-4443的基因治疗的可行性。本研究结果阐明了外泌体介导的miR-4443促进乳腺癌肝脏转移的新机制,为乳腺癌转移的治疗提供了新线索、新策略。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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