考虑空气污染指数时空分布特性的电力系统多期望目标优化调度问题研究

Energy saving and emission reduction assessment indexes usually manifest expectation targets of specific time terminal point. To obtain the reasonable operation route map of these indexes, it needs to adopt the correct force backwrad regulation ways. The interactions and constraints between human habitat environment air quality and power resources provisioning became increasingly. There is a need to consider temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of air pollution index (API) in power system multi-source dynamic dispatch and control. To coordinate the relationships between power system's operation and human habitat environment air quality,this project will mainly study the following contents: . Emission and diffusion's temporal and spatial distribution models of air pollutants for regional power systems containing green clean power plants; the relationships among reasonable balance and modest difference of APIs control targets for multi densely populated air fields,power dynamic resources provisioning and meteorological conditions; method for unit maintenance, decomposition methods for electric energy plans, energy saving and enission reduction index considering API control demands of important human habitat enviroments;collaborative optimization strategy of regional power system daily dispatch mode and air quality in residential environment, and methods for real power pre-dispatching and dynamic reserve pre- decision-making; power system's operation risk assessment method and control strategies for regional power system after collaborative optimization between power system and residential environment.. Expected accomplishments of this project will play important roles in deep researches about green clean power, residential environment, energy saving and emission reduction, and in promoting harmonious development between power and human habitat environment.

电力系统的节能减排考核指标等常表现为特定时间终端点处的期望目标，需采取正确的倒向调控方式才能取得合理的运行路线图；人居环境空气质量与电力资源调配的影响和制约关系越来越强，需在电力系统多源动态调控中考虑空气污染指数（API）的时空分布特性。为协调电力运行与人居环境空气质量的关系，项目研究： . 含绿色清洁电源的区域电力系统空气污染物排放与时空扩散分布模型；多人口稠密气域API调控目标合理均衡化和适度差异化与电力资源动态调配和气象条件的关系；兼顾重点人居环境API调控需求的机组检修、电能计划和节能减排等指标的分解方法；区域电力系统日调度方式与人居环境空气质量协同优化策略，及有功预调度与备用动态预决策方法；电力与环境协同优化后的电力系统运行风险评估方法与调控策略。 . 项目预期成果将对深化绿色清洁电源、人居环境、节能减排等领域的研究，对促进电力与人居环境的和谐发展发挥重要作用。

结合电力系统电能和电力计划制定问题的特点，优选出高斯扩散模型作为分析火电厂和区域电力系统空气污染物扩散时空分布特性的首选模型；建立了计算火电厂和区域电力系统空气污染物扩散量的浓度时空分布值、火电厂空气污染物扩散影响因子或影响系数的具体关系，给出了分析区域电力系统污染物时空分布与系统电源、负荷、API分布相互关系的具体方案；提出了考虑对空气质量影响的火电机组检修计划与电能分解方法、考虑环境容量裕度的差别化火电机组组合方法和日前发电计划方法、考虑发电排污对健康影响的优化调度方法；提出了应对重点人居环境API预测偏差的有功预调度与备用动态预决策方法，方法在计划二次校正的基础上，结合预调度特点，设计了一种基于预测失准类型判别的日内计划再校正策略；从三种技术途径，提出并设计了若干与空气质量资源参与协同优化下的运行风险评估与调控有关的方法，主要包括：基于高维模型表达技术的电网潮流概率评估方法、应对风电功率陡坡事件的多源协调方法、基于母线幅值量测的电压稳定在线评估与监视方法、电动汽车充电负荷响应潜力挖掘基础上的电网绿色能效调控策略、基于风电模式特征预测分布抽样的电力系统概率静态安全评估方法；提出了基于瞬时源流关系解析的电力网络复合成分流分析方法。.项目成果使电力系统优化调度问题由污染物总量最优控制阶段拓展深化到污染物时空结构分布的期望目标控制阶段，可兼顾和协调节能、减排、健康等多考核目标的要求，在促进电力与人居环境的和谐发展方面，具有良好推广潜力。