高度多样化、大尺度化的DNA折纸术骨架链的制备及其引导的金属纳米材料合成

Synthesis of shape controlled metallic nanomaterials with nanometer precision underlies diverse applications in biosensing, light harvesting and nanophotonics. DNA origami provides a robust route to construct complex 2D and 3D nanostructures using a long single-stranded DNA as scaffold, and such structures can serve as an excellent template to control the self-assembly of metallic nanomaterials with spatial precision and programmability. However, sources of long single-stranded DNA are scarce, limiting the size and complexity of structures that can be assembled. We propose here a general method to produce a wide variety of long single-stranded DNA. These DNA strands are then designed to self-assemble into various 3D nanostructures, which serve as the molds to cast metallic nanoparticles. These DNA-nanoparticle complexes can further assemble through strand hybridization, and disassemble by strand replacement, resulting in the dynamic self-assembly of metallic nanomaterials within the molds. The dynamic metallic nanomaterials display ability to change their geometrical and optical attributes, and have great potential to be applied to highly sensitive biosensing and nanoelectronics.

合成具有纳米级分辨率的结构可控的金属纳米材料在生物传感、光能捕获、纳米光电等领域具有广泛应用。DNA折纸术提供了一种新颖的方法以制备复杂的二维和三维纳米结构，并利用它独特的可寻址性引导金属纳米材料自组装。本项目拟提出一种制备高度多样化、大尺度化的DNA折纸术骨架链的通用方法，以突破DNA折纸术技术上的局限性。我们将进而设计序列各异的多条骨架链自组装为不同的三维结构，并用每种结构分别作为模具，对金属纳米粒子的合成进行引导。通过碱基互补配对及链替换反应使模具DNA折纸结构之间进行连接与去连接，充满其间的金属纳米材料便可随之进行动态组装，其几何形貌及光电性质将发生变化。本课题的研究将为研制高灵敏度的生物检测与纳米光电器件提供新的思路和途径。

合成具有纳米级分辨率的结构可控的金属纳米材料在生物传感、光能捕获、纳米光电等领域具有广泛应用。DNA折纸术提供了一种新颖的方法以制备复杂的二维和三维纳米结构，并利用它独特的可寻址性引导金属纳米材料自组装。.本项目利用先进的分子生物学方法，获得了一种制备高度多样化、大尺度化的DNA折纸术骨架链的通用方法，突破了DNA折纸术技术上的局限性。我们设计出序列各异的多条骨架链，使其自组装为不同的DNA折纸结构，实现了多种DNA折纸结构的同时自组装。我们将DNA折纸结构作为模板，对金属纳米粒子的组装进行引导。通过碱基互补配对及链替换反应使模板DNA折纸结构进行构象转换，从而使排列在其表面的金属纳米颗粒进行动态组装，获得了金属纳米颗粒可控的光学性质变化。本课题的研究为研制高灵敏度的生物检测与纳米光电器件提供新的思路和途径。