黄河口沉积对黄河调水和调沙过程的差异性响应机制

The Water and Sediment Regulation Scheme (WSRS) altered the natural and hydrological cycle of the Yellow River, and therefore changed the estuarine sedimentary environment and the biogeochemical cycle. This project aims at illustrating the differences of the sedimentary process off the Yellow River mouth under the impact of the Water Regulation process and the Sediment Regulation process. By integrating field data of both in-situ time-series and ship surveys, we attempt to illustrate the mechanisms that dominate the sedimentary process off the Yellow River mouth during the Water Regulation process and the Sediment Regulation process. We hope that the findings from this project can help us better understand the evolution of the Yellow River delta since the implementation of the WSRS in 2002, an important sediment “Source to Sink” system of large rivers under the impact of human activities.

黄河调水调沙导致黄河入海泥沙通量和性质发生重大变化，不仅引起河口沉积环境的突变，也对区域生物地球化学循环产生持续影响。本申请拟以人类活动作用强烈的事件性过程 —“黄河调水调沙”为切入点，在河口这一“源-汇”过程的关键界面，聚焦水沙条件差异显著的黄河调水调沙不同阶段（调水期和调沙期），深入研究调水和调沙两个不同过程中河口沉积物扩散范围和沉积特征，估算不同阶段河流输入条件下入海沉积物不同组分（砂、粉砂、黏土）的三维空间展布，揭示河口沉积过程对调水和调沙事件的差异性响应机制，为揭示调水调沙对河口沉积演化的控制作用提供重要科学依据，也为优化调水调沙方案、促进河流-河口-海洋系统协调发展提供重要参考。

人类活动影响下三角洲沉积演化是地质学和海洋学的研究热点之一。本项目对黄河调水调沙影响下河口沉积演化开展研究，通过水文泥沙综合调查、三脚架和浮标原位观测系统调查，结合实验室测试分析和数值模拟计算等手段，揭示了黄河口对调水和调沙过程的差异性响应特征，阐明了调水调沙影响下现行河口的沉积演化过程，探讨了调水调沙作为抵御三角洲蚀退策略的时效性与局限性。围绕上述研究成果发表SCI论文5篇，发表中文核心论文3篇，研究成果将丰富我国人新世河口海岸的研究，为系统认识人类活动影响下三角洲可持续发展提供科学参考。