高温合金材料梯度结构的激光熔化沉积增材制造关键技术基础研究

Superalloys with gradient structures were selected and will be investigated systematically in this research, which has prospective applications in aerospace industry used as components with complex structures and the key equipments. The relationship between the composition and the microstructure and its thermodynamic mechanism forming in the process of Laser Melting Deposition(LMD) will be investigated systematically. The research work will also focus on the investigations of the modulation of the composition, particle size, structure integrity and deposition properties of the powders adapted to LMD, the processing controlling of the LMD procedure, and the modulation mechanism of the microstructure in the gradient regions. The relationship between the composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloys with gradient structures will be also investigated. The ultimate goal of the project is that providing a good deal of insight into the fundamental processes involved in the forming mechanism of superalloys with gradient structures, improving the modulation theory of the gradient superalloys in composition design, formability and properties. The integration technique combined in the processes of the composition design, powder preparation, LMD manufacturing, microstructure and properties will be developed to obtained relevant components with excellent properties. The basic knowledgement and the theory in superalloys with gradient structrues and LMD technology will be enriched, and the relative disciplines will be developed. The guiding theory and technique support for the preparation of advanced gradient materials and the sophisticated progress of the equipment manufacturing will be provided by the research results.

本项目选择在航空航天关键装备复杂结构部件上具有重要应用前景的高温合金材料梯度结构为研究对象，系统研究异种高温合金梯度材料在激光熔化沉积制备过程中，梯度材料成分与相结构的依存关系及其热力学和动力学微观机制，研究适应激光熔化沉积的粉末材料的成分、形状尺寸和结构完整性与可沉积性的规律，研究激光熔化沉积过程的工艺控制与梯度过渡区微观组织结构调控机理，研究梯度材料组分、微观组织结构与力学性能之间的关系等。预期深入理解高温合金梯度材料的沉积成形机理，完善高温合金梯度材料的设计、成形和性能调控理论，建立高温合金梯度材料成分设计、粉体制备、激光熔化沉积制造和组织性能调控一体化技术，制备出性能优异的相关构件。将丰富高温合金梯度材料和激光熔化沉积制备技术的基础理论知识，促进相关学科发展，为推动我国先进梯度材料制备技术和装备制造技术的进步提供理论指导和技术支撑。

针对航空发动机叶盘一体化的制备需求，解决了激光熔化沉积成形叶片用高温合金K417G与涡轮盘用高温合金GH4169之间梯度材料的制备科学问题，阐明了激光熔化沉积制造过程控制与微观组织结构的调控机理，发明了航空发动机叶盘一体化用两种高温合金梯度材料连接新方法。.采用计算相图模拟梯度材料成分设计，建立了任意成分激光熔化沉积镍基高温合金相组成预测的方法。研发了VIGA气雾化技术，制备出高性能合金粉末。研究了高温合金激光熔化沉积成形GH4169/K465梯度材料和H4169/K417G梯度材料的增材制造技术，优化了激光熔化沉积的关键工艺及其成形过程，研究了其沉积态和热处理态的组织性能及其强韧化机理。对于激光熔化沉积增材制造高温合金在航空航天领域的应用具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。.发表国内外学术期刊论文34篇（含2020年已发表论文3篇），其中，SCI收录23篇，EI收录7篇。SCI影响因子大于3.0的JCR一区论文10篇。发表论文的引用量172次，篇均引用5.21次。其中SCI总引用135次，篇均引用8.05次；中文论文总下载量超过3000次，篇均下载251次。获得授权发明专利14项。