复杂分层地表微波遥感过程模型研究

The proposal focuses on researching the mechanism about interaction between EM wave and the complex layered ground. On the base of the EM wave transmission theory and the ground matter parameters measurement experiment, the mechanism that EM wave is modulated by the complex layered surface of earth is researched and the RS process model with the intermediate parameters——the general permittivity and roughness is built by analyzing the electricity and structure characteristic of the matter on the earth. Finally the quantity RS model about the typical matter of the complex layered ground. It includes: by researching EM wave transmission theory in the complex layered ground, the RS process model from EM scattering to the general permittivity and random fluctuation, then to the ground matter parameters is built. By Analyzing EM field boundary condition and EM wave transmission characteristics in inhomogeneous medium, the general permittivity model of the complex layered ground is built. By the ground matter parameters measurement experiment, the equivalent permittivity model of the typical ground matter is built. By researching the EM wave transmission regularity, the random fluctuation model of the complex layered ground is built. The results are: the EM backscattering coefficient——the general permittivity and random fluctuation RS model, and the general permittivity——the ground matter parameters delivery model.

本项目以电磁波与复杂分层地表相互作用机理研究为核心，通过分析复杂分层地表物质与结构特征，结合电磁波辐射传输理论、陆基散射与地表参数测量实验，研究复杂分层地表对入射电磁波的调制机理，建立以宏观介电常数和随机起伏度为中间参量的复杂分层地表遥感过程模型，形成典型复杂分层地表地物参数遥感模型。包括：通过研究电磁波在复杂分层地表中的传输机理，建立电磁散射——宏观介电常数和随机起伏度——地物参数的遥感过程模型；通过电磁场边界条件物理机制和非均匀介质电磁波传输特性分析，建立复杂分层地表宏观介电常数模型；通过陆基散射和地表参数测量实验研究，建立典型地物等效介电模型；通过电磁波辐射传输规律研究，建立复杂地表随机起伏度模型；形成“电磁波后向散射系数——宏观介电常数、地表随机起伏度遥感模型”，“宏观介电常数——典型复杂分层地物参数传递模型”，实现后向散射系数到地物参数的定量遥感。

本项目以电磁波与复杂分层地表相互作用机理研究为核心，通过分析复杂分层地表物质与结构特征，结合电磁波辐射传输理论、陆基散射与地表参数测量实验，研究复杂分层地表对入射电磁波的调制机理，建立以宏观介电常数和随机粗糙度参数为中间参量的复杂分层地表遥感过程模型，形成典型复杂分层地表地物参数遥感模型。.项目研究自2016年初起至2019年，根据拟定的研究内容和研究目标完成了复杂分层地表微波遥感过程模型的相关理论和实验研究，具体包括：作为复杂分层地表几何结构和粗糙度参数的研究基础，建立了基于分形理论和蒙特卡洛法了三维地表轮廓模型；作为复杂分层地表物质特征的研究基础，完成了基于同轴探针法、波导法开展了室内介电常数测量，建立了典型地物的混合介质的等效介电常数模型；通过研究电磁波与随机粗糙表面的相互作用机理，建立了基于粗糙面电磁散射的解析近似方法（小扰动方法、双尺度方法、扩展边界条件法）与数值计算方法（矩量法、时域有限差分法）的电磁散射——宏观介电常数和随机粗糙面粗糙度参数的空间遥感探测模型；通过研究电磁波在复杂分层地表中的传输机理，建立了基于扰动法和基尔霍夫近似宏观介电常数和随机粗糙面粗糙度参数——地物参数的地基信息处理模型；实现由“电磁波后向散射系数——宏观介电常数、地表随机起伏度遥感模型”和“宏观介电常数——典型复杂分层地物参数传递模型”构成的遥感过程模型，为复杂分成地表主动微波精确定量遥感奠定了坚实的理论基础。