煤基丁炔二醇乙氧基化物改性有机硅的设计、合成及构效关系研究

Traditional surfactants are developed on the basis of oil and natural oil resources. These two kinds of resources need to be imported in large quantities,which seriously restrict or influence the development of surfactant industry. The development of non petroleum and natural oil based surfactants has received great attention from academia and industry. This project intends to prepare a series of comb-type, bola-type butynediol-ethoxylate modified silicone surfactants via hydrosilylation reaction butynediol-ethoxylate and poly(dimethylsiloxane) containing hydrogen. The project discusses about influence the structure of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups on the surface properties and aggregation morphology in solution, and intends to investigate the existing regulatory mechanisms, namely the analysis of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups’ strength,structure, molecular packing coefficient of surface tension, critical aggregation concentration, foam power, in low-energy surface spreading ability, self aggregates structure in solution. Further study of molecular structure on spontaneous formation of ordered aggregates in solution is discussed in this project.The smooth implementation of the project will provide a new idea for the design of new surfactants, and provide a powerful experimental data and theoretical support for the further application of the novel silicon surfactants.

传统表面活性剂是以石油和天然油脂资源为原料，而我国这两种资源都需要大量进口，严重制约或影响表面活性剂行业的发展。近年来，开发非石油和天然油脂基表面活性剂得到了学术界和工业界的极大关注。本项目拟以山西优势资源丁炔二醇为原料、乙氧基化合成丁炔二醇乙氧基化物，然后再与含氢聚二甲基硅氧烷经硅氢加成反应制备一系列梳型、Bola型丁炔二醇乙氧基化物改性有机硅表面活性剂。探讨疏水基和亲水基的结构变化对其表面性能和水溶液中聚集形态的调控作用，拟对其存在的调控机制进行深入研究，即分析疏水基和亲水基强弱、结构、分子排列系数等对表面张力、临界聚集浓度、泡沫、在低能表面的铺展能力及水溶液中有序聚集体结构和大小的影响，进一步研究分子结构对其在表面及溶液中自发形成的有序聚集体的调控作用。本项目的顺利实施，将为新型表面活性剂的设计提供新思路，对丁炔二醇乙氧基化物改性有机硅的进一步应用提供理论指导。

项目以来源于煤化工的丁炔二醇乙氧基化物和含氢硅油为原料，合成了三种类型的炔醇醚改性有机硅表面活性剂，并对其结构进行了表征；研究了表面活性剂在溶液中的聚集行为、泡沫行为、在低能表面的润湿行为；研究了其分子结构、泡沫性能和润湿性能的关联性规律；对部分产品进行了百吨级的扩试；评价了其在水性涂料和低表面张力体系中的应用性能。结果表明，炔醇醚改性有机硅具有优异的表面活性，能将水的表面张力降低至约23 mN/m，炔醇醚改性有机硅在水溶液中具有良好的聚集能力，能自发形成50-600 nm的球状聚集体。炔醇醚改性有机硅产品本身无泡沫又能抑制消除其他体系泡沫，可广泛应用于涂料、油墨及低表面张力体系等领域。项目的实施为煤基表面活性剂的开发提供了新思路，更为炔醇醚改性有机硅的进一步应用提供了坚实的理论指导。项目执行过程中在国内外有影响力学术期刊发表论文10篇，其中SCI收录7篇，中文期刊3篇；申请公开中国发明专利3件，其中获授权3件；培养硕士研究生3名，培养2名教师从副高晋升为正高，项目负责人先后入选了山西省“三晋英才”拔尖骨干人才计划（2019）和山西省学术技术带头人（2020）。