After withdrawal of preset pressure overload, the myocardium shows hypertrophic preconditioning (HP) to resist hypertrophy induced by subsequent re-exposure of pressure overload. The mechanism of HP remains to be elucidated. We have previously demonstrated that the angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor (AT1-R) is a mechanosensor for pressure overload signal transduction, and exosome is an important platform for intercellular communication. We in our pilot experiments found that pressure overload increased the expression of exosomal AT1-R, while HP reduced it. Further functional analyses demonstrate that olmesartan (AT1-R blocker), GW4869 (exosome inhibitor) or HP administration enhanced the expression of Carabin, a negative regulator of hypertrophy. We thus postulate that exosome-mediated AT1-R/Carabin signaling is critically involved in HP. By establishment of HP model at animal and cellular level, we in this project, with the aid of pharmaceutical and genetical activation/inhibition of AT1-R/Carabin, plan to elucidate The regulatory role and mechanism of exosome-mediated AT1-R/Carabin signaling in myocardial hypertrophic preconditioning and downstream hypertrophy-related signaling molecules. This project is designated to unravel new roles of exosomal AT1-R in myocardial remodeling, and thus to present new insights into early prevention and treatment of heart failure.
预置的压力超负荷撤离后,心肌出现肥厚预适应现象,对再次压力超负荷起抗肥厚作用,其机制尚待阐明。我们既往报道血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体(AT1-R)是压力超负荷机械刺激感受器,外泌体是传递胞间信息的重要载体。在前期工作中我们发现,压力超负荷增加外泌体AT1-R表达,肥厚预适应处理降低其表达。功能分析发现,奥美沙坦(AT1-R拮抗剂)、GW4869(外泌体分泌抑制剂)和预适应处理均加强抑肥大因子Carabin的表达,故我们推测外泌体介导的AT1-R/Carabin信号涉及肥厚预适应现象。我们拟采用压力超负荷预适应动物和细胞模型,经基因或药物手段,增强和抑制AT1-R/Carabin水平,阐明外泌体介导的AT1-R/Carabin在肥厚预适应及其下游肥大相关信号中的调控作用与机制。本项目将揭示外泌体介导的AT1-R对心肌重塑的新作用,为心衰早期防治提供新依据。
压力超负荷触发心脏肥大并最终产生心力衰竭。然而,撤离预置的压力超负荷后,心肌出现肥厚预适应,对再次压力超负荷起抗肥厚作用,其机制尚待阐明,影响其在心脏肥大早期干预上的转化应用。我们据此需求制定本项目并按照计划完成了项目任务,包括但不限于:1)构建优化小鼠心肌肥厚及肥厚预适应模型,并实现高效无创评估主动脉缩窄、去缩窄和再缩窄程度,大大提升了模型小鼠的存活率和造模成功率,推动了进一步探索,为该项目的顺利执行奠定了基础。2)该肥厚预适应模型中,我们发现能量代谢的变化(糖代谢特征因子glut4和pdk4,脂肪酸代谢特征因子mcad、mcd、pgc1α和pparα)早于心脏结构和心功能的变化,提示能量代谢与预适应处理的重要相关性。进一步发现能量代谢变化感受器单磷酸腺苷激活的蛋白激酶(AMPK)及其下游因子乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)的激活可能参与了肥厚预适应的进程,提示早期干预能量代谢有助于减轻心脏重构和心功能受损的进程。3)行机制探讨发现,肥厚心肌Carabin表达降低,肥厚预适应刺激减轻Carabin的降低,从而减轻心脏重构。Carabin敲除则显著抑制了肥厚预适应的保护作用。4)进一步行源头追溯发现,肥厚预适应的保护作用与外泌体AT1-R释放减少有关;外泌体AT1-R经由Carabin调控下游促肥大因子胞外信号调节激酶1/2(ERK1/2),钙调神经磷酸酶(CaN)和钙/钙调素依赖的蛋白激酶II(CaMKII),介导心脏的肥厚预适应作用。5)此外,在上述研究肥厚预适应与机械应力超负荷过程中,我们发现压力超负荷和容量超负荷对心脏重构的作用明显不同,继而对引起心脏离心性肥大的新型主动脉瓣返流手术小鼠模型建立了标准化操作规程,发现容量超负荷通过偏爱性激活蛋白激酶B(Akt)促进离心性心脏重构。我们的发现为心脏肥大的靶点筛选、早期干预和个性化诊疗提供重要参考。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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