杂原子掺杂催化提升碳电极-活性电解液体系电容性能研究

Carbon-based supercapacitor possesses a high power nature, especially in aqueous electrolyte, whereas its energy density still needs to be further enhanced. Aiming at high performance supercapacitor with high power density and energy density, we are focusing on tuning the architecture and surface properties of carbon electrode materials and introducing active electrolyte in this project. Different tpyes of heteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbons will be prepared through a recrystallization-templating method. The interaction mechanism between carbon source and template during the recrystallization process will be explored. Pore-structure evolution and heteroatom-doping mechanism during the carbonization process will be investigated intensively. The optimization design and preparation of heteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbon through recrystallization of inorganic template will be proposed accordingly. On this basis, a series of hierarchically porous carbons with high surface areas and tunable heteroatom contents will be synthesized for the electrochemical measurements in different KI active electrolytes. The enhancement of supercapacitive performance catalyzed by the doped heteroatom for carbon electrode will be intensively investigated by systematic material characterization and electrochemical analysis. The optimization design of heteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbon electrode suitable for KI active electrolyte will be established in this project. Our research will lay the foundation for the design and preparation of carbon-based electrode material for supercapacitor with high energy density and power density.

碳基超级电容器的高功率特性，在水系电解液中表现的尤为突出，然而其能量密度有待进一步提高。本课题拟从影响碳基超级电容器性能的电极材料及电解液出发，对碳电极材料的孔道结构和表面性质进行调控，同时，引入具有电化学活性的电解液，以期创制高能量大功率超级电容器。通过重结晶模板法制备杂原子掺杂多级孔碳材料，研究模板剂与碳源在重结晶过程中相互作用机制，揭示碳化过程中碳材料孔结构形成及杂原子掺杂机制，阐明重结晶法制备杂原子掺杂多级孔碳材料的优化设计思路。在此基础之上，设计制备一系列高比表面积、掺杂原子可调的多级孔碳材料，综合利用先进的表征手段和电化学测试技术，揭示杂原子掺杂催化提升碳电极-KI活性电解液体系电容性能机制，建立适用于KI活性电解液体系的杂原子掺杂多级孔碳材料的优化设计原则。研究成果将为高能量大功率超级电容器用碳电极材料的设计和制备提供理论依据。

本课题从影响碳基超级电容器性能的电极材料及电解液出发，对碳电极材料的孔道结构和表面性质进行调控，同时，引入具有电化学活性的电解液，创制高能量大功率超级电容器。通过无机盐模板法制备杂原子掺杂多级孔碳材料，研究无机盐模板对多孔碳孔结构形成及杂原子掺杂机制，阐明无机盐模板法制备杂原子掺杂多级孔碳材料的优化设计思路。在此基础之上，设计制备一系列高比表面积、掺杂原子可调的多级孔碳材料，综合利用先进的表征手段和电化学测试技术，揭示杂原子掺杂提升碳电极-KI活性电解液体系电容性能机制，建立适用于KI活性电解液体系的杂原子掺杂多级孔碳材料的优化设计原则。