kWh/百kW级快速充放电混合磁悬浮高速飞轮储能系统中的基础科学和关键技术问题

The hybrid-magnetic suspended high-speed flywheel energy storage system, characterized by high energy density, high energy efficiency, fast response, wide power range, easy use, high reliability and long lifetime, and environment green, can be widely applied in many fields such as energy recovery of transpiration, electrical power system, renewable energy resource, and specified equipments. The object of this project is focused on key components and sub-systems in the fast charging/discharging hybrid-magnetic suspended high-speed flywheel energy system with a energy storage of 1-5kWh, a integrated motor/generator power of 100kW class(75-250kW), maximum rotating speed of 35000 rpm and periodic of charging/discharging about several dozen seconds(kWh/100kW class in short). After thoroughly theoretical and experimental investigations on the key components, such as high-efficiency large load-capacity hybrid magnetic bearing combined active magnetic bearing with permanent magnetic/superconducting bearings, 100kW class high-efficiency high-speed stator-permanent magnet hybrid excited integrated motor/generator, 100kW class high-efficiency bi-directional power converter, and the key sub-systems, such as the high-speed stator-permanent magnet hybrid excited integrated motor/generator with the bi-directional power converter, flywheel-hybrid magnetic bearing-integrated motor/generator rotor system, the basic scientific and key technological problems in the key components and the sub-systems of the kWh/100kW class fast charging/discharging hybrid-magnetic suspended high-speed flywheel energy storage system are solved, and the basic design methods, analysis models and control strategies of the kWh/100kW class hybrid-magnetic suspended high-speed flywheel energy storage system are formed.

高速飞轮储能具有储能密度大、效率高、响应快、功率等级宽、工作方式灵活、可靠性高、环境友好等显著特点，在能量回收、电力系统调峰、可再生能源利用、国防等领域有着重要的应用前景。本项目以储能为几个kWh(1-5kWh)、一体化电动/发电机功率为百kW(75-250kW)、最大工作转速为3.5万rpm的混合磁悬浮高速飞轮储能系统为对象，以工程中快速充放电(几十秒)应用为背景，通过对高速飞轮储能系统中低损耗的混合磁轴承、高效高速大功率永磁电动/发电机、高效大功率双向能量变换器等关键部件，以及高速大功率永磁电动/发电机与双向能量变换器间的场-路耦合和飞轮转子-混合磁轴承-电动/发电机间的机-电耦合等子系统开展深入系统的理论和实验研究，解决kWh/百kW级快速充放电混合磁悬浮高速飞轮储能系统中的基础科学和关键技术问题，为高速飞轮储能系统的工程应用提供技术支撑。

高速飞轮储能系统以高速旋转的飞轮为载体来存储能量，具有储能密度大、效率高、响应快、功率等级宽、工作方式灵活、可靠性高、环境友好等显著特点，在能量回收、电力系统调峰、可再生能源利用、电磁弹射及电磁武器、UPS电源、国防等领域有着重要的应用前景，特别适合需要短时大功率、频繁充放电的场合。. 本项目以储能为几个kWh(1-5kWh)、一体化电动/发电机功率为百kW(75-250kW)、最大工作转速为3.5万rpm的混合磁悬浮高速飞轮储能系统为对象，以工程中快速充放电(几十秒)应用为背景，通过对高速飞轮储能系统中低损耗的混合磁轴承、高效高速大功率一体化永磁电动/发电机、高效大功率双向能量变换器等关键部件，以及飞轮转子-混合磁轴承-一体化电动/发电机间的机-电耦合系统动力学、强陀螺效应多场耦合条件下高速飞轮转子系统在加减速运行过程中的振动与稳定性主动控制、高速大功率一体化永磁电动/发电机与双向能量变换器间的协调性和适配性、高速大功率飞轮储能系统在宽转速范围内发电机输出电压的稳定控制等子系统方面开展了深入系统的理论和实验研究，解决了kWh/百kW级快速充放电混合磁悬浮高速飞轮储能系统中的基础科学和关键技术问题，为高速飞轮储能系统的工程应用提供技术支撑和理论基础。. 项目通过对kWh/百kW级快速充放电混合磁悬浮高速飞轮储能系统中所涉及到的电机及其控制、电力电子、机械结构强度、转子动力学等多学科问题的系统研究，基本上形成了kWh/百kW级磁悬浮高速飞轮储能系统的混合磁悬浮轴承、百kW级高速一体化永磁电动/发电机、百kW级高效双向能量变换器、高速飞轮转子系统振动和稳定性主动控制、宽转速范围内飞轮储能系统能量系统的设计体系、分析方法和控制框架，能够指导kWh/百kW级磁悬浮高速飞轮储能系统产品的研发。