Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are highly conserved cytosolic pattern recognition receptors that play a critical role in host defense. A group of NLRs containing a B30.2 domain at C-terminus appears unique to teleost fish. However, little information is available to date regarding the function of them. We have identified a number of B30.2 domain-containing NLRs in zebrafish genome via database mining and sequence analysis. Among them, four members were selected according to their typical domain architecture, and designated NLR-PB1–4. The structural properties suggests that these NLRs may play roles in pattern recognition and immune regulation. Thus, the aims of this proposal is to explore the function and regulation mechanism of these teleost-specific B30.2 domain-containing NLRs. We plan to determine whether NLR-PBs are involved in antibacterial defense of host by real-time PCR, to identify the specificity of bacteria/PAMPs recognized by NLR-PBs via binding assay, and to investigate the mode of NLR-PBs regulating downstream antibacterial immune responses by gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments. Eventually, we will elucidate the function and regulation mechanism of these teleost-specific B30.2 domain-containing NLRs in antibacterial immunity of host. These investigations will further enrich our understanding of non-self recognition of immune system, and provide valuable theoretical basis and guidance toward control and treatment of fish diseases in aquaculture.
NOD样受体(NLRs)是近年来新发现的一类细胞内模式识别受体,对机体的免疫防御至关重要,其功能和作用机制是现今的研究热点。硬骨鱼中存在一类其特有的C-端含B30.2结构域的NLRs,目前对其功能几乎一无所知。在斑马鱼基因组中,我们也发现了这类NLRs,结构域分析提示其可能具有模式识别和免疫调节功能。因此,我们拟通过分析含B30.2结构域的NLRs在受到不同细菌/PAMPs刺激后的表达模式,确定它们是否参与宿主的抗菌免疫防御;通过重组表达和结合实验,明确其识别细菌/PAMPs的特异性;通过基因敲降、过表达和mRNA拯救等实验,阐明其对宿主下游抗菌免疫反应的调控方式。由此,确定这一硬骨鱼类特有的NLRs的功能,阐明其在宿主抗菌免疫防御中的作用及调控机制。该工作将深化我们对NLRs家族功能的了解,拓展我们对免疫系统“非己”识别的认识,并为水产养殖过程中的鱼类病害防治提供重要的理论依据和指导。
NOD样受体(NLRs)是近年来新发现的一类重要的模式识别受体,硬骨鱼中存在一类其特有的C-端含B30.2结构域的NLRs,目前对其功能几乎一无所知。根据NLRs家族成员特点,我们在斑马鱼数据库检索得到可能的NLRs序列234条,并根据其序列特征和结构域组成将其分为18组,其中包含硬骨鱼类所特有一类NLRs;对其进行表达模式分析发现,所检测的该类NLRs成员主要在斑马鱼的免疫相关器官/组织中表达,且在宿主受到病原菌刺激后其表达量上调,提示其具有免疫功能;进一步研究显示该类NLRs成员NLR-PB2,其配体识别区域LRRs区域能够特异性的与革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌结合,且这种结合是通过与细菌表面的病原相关分子模式LTA和LPS相互作用而实现的,说明NLR-PB2能够通过识别细菌表面的病原相关分子模式LTA和LPS而特异性的识别细菌,参与宿主的抗菌免疫反应。在研究斑马鱼特异性识别病原的过程中,我们发现斑马鱼具有复杂而多样的病原识别机制,存在多种蛋白质具有模式识别作用。因此我们对项目进行了拓展性的研究,发现斑马鱼卵黄脂磷蛋白重链(LvH)和轻链(LvL)是母源性免疫因子,能够特异性识别病原并促进吞噬,保护宿主的胚胎及幼鱼不受病原菌的侵害;以及斑马鱼中的一个富含半胱氨酸肠蛋白家族成员DrCRIP1,能够通过识别病原及促吞噬作用参与宿主的抗菌免疫防御反应,而LIM结构域是其发挥这些免疫功能的主要区域。这些研究结果将进一步拓展我们对免疫系统特异性识别病原的认识。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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