深空动态多目标VLBI信号处理关键技术研究

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) has been used in the Chinese Lunar exploration project successfully and played an irreplaceable role in CE1 and CE2 mission. As the in-depth development of the Chinese deep-space exploration projects, the subsequent Lunar Exploration projects will need to track multiple spacecrafts, including the orbiter, the lander, the rover, the returner and so on. In the future, there will be the requirement of multiple objects tracking in the missions of the Martian exploration and the Lunar and planet Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) satellite formation flying. The same-beam and multi-beam VLBI is able to deal with the situation of fast and precise tracking of multiple deep-space spacecrafts. This project aims at the new technology used in the lunar and other deep space exploration project and focuses on the key foresightedness technology of dynamic multi-deep-space object VLBI signal processing. It consists of the high-speed multi-phase-center correlator, the dynamic multi-object fringe search and delay model reconstruction method, the multi-object beacon simulation and the high reliability correlator. The achievement can not only be used in the multiple deep-space spacecrafts and satellite formation flying tracking, but also can be used in the astronomy application VLBI software correlator with multiple phase centers.

甚长基线干涉测量（VLBI）技术已成功用于我国探月工程,在嫦娥一号、二号月球卫星精密测控中发挥了不可替代的重要作用。我国后续探月工程将从目前单一的卫星扩展到轨道器、上升器、着陆器、返回器等多个探测器。未来火星探测、月球及行星际干涉合成孔径(InSAR)卫星编队等空间科学项目均可包含多个探测器，其测控复杂性将大幅提高。这些科学探测项目，均需实现对深空多目标探测器的快速高精度测量。以VLBI为基础的同波束、多波束射电干涉技术能用于解决这一问题。本项目面向我国未来月球探测及其它多目标精密测量需求，开展针对深空动态多目标VLBI信号处理的前瞻性关键技术研究。主要包括多相位中心高速相关处理技术、动态多目标相关处理机时延模型搜索与重构技术、多目标VLBI信号仿真技术、高可用性并行相关处理技术。这些天文新技术成果可用于未来深空多探测器和卫星编队的精密干涉测量，也可用于多相位中心的射电天文相关处理机。

甚长基线干涉测量(VLBI)已成功用于我国探月工程，在对月球探测器精密测控中发挥了不可替代的重要作用。我国后续探月工程测控目标将从目前单探测器扩展到轨道器、上升器、着陆器和返回器等多个探测器，未来火星探测、月球及行星干涉合成孔径(InSAR)卫星编队等空间科学项目均可能包含多个探测器，其测控复杂性将大幅提高。这些科学探测项目均需实现对深空多目标探测器的快速高精度测量。. 本项目瞄准我国后续探月任务与深空探测需求，开展了深空动态多目标VLBI信号处理关键技术研究，在多相位中心高速处理相关处理、动态多目标相关处理机时延模型搜索与重构、多目标VLBI信号仿真与高可用性并行相关处理技术等方面获得突破。采用多相位中心相关处理技术实现了多个仿真探测器目标信号处理，采用多目标时延模型搜索与重构技术解决了，多探测器动力飞行段预报模型精度较低，处理机相位中心不稳的问题。这些成果可用于未来深空多探测器和卫星编队的精密干涉测量，也可用于多相位中心的射电天文相关处理机。