活体细胞的软X-射线三维成像实验方法的研制

Cell microscopic imaging that can reveal the whole cell and cell morphology, structure, and space intracellular protein localization, conformational change, is one of the most important technology in biological development. Synchrotron radiation soft X-ray three-dimensional microscopic imaging has the advantages of high resolution,high penetration,breaking through the limitations of conventional imaging techniques, and showing broad application prospects in the field of life sciences. The proposal intends to build nano-CT imaging technique with high spatial resolution of 50 nm under the cryogenic conditions, based on the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Soft X-ray spectroscopic microscopy experiment station, and to develop the sample environmental chamber under cryogenic conditions, solving the limitions that the "water window" soft X-ray microscope can not perform three-dimensional image the large cells in life Sciences. The aim of this proposal is to provide a new lossless, sensitive, and ultra-high spatial resolution and other characteristics of the detection, imaging, analysis and manipulation methods. Using the estabilshed Nano-CT imaging technology, the PI will perform the studies on the mechanism of the interactions between iron oxide nano-particles or gadolinium ion interaction and human cervical cancer cells as a drug carrier, providing a new research tool for the evaluation and improvement of tumor drug carriers and the drug itself.

细胞显微成像能够揭示细胞整体以及细胞器的形态、结构，以及细胞内蛋白质的空间定位、构象变化，是生物学发展的最重要技术之一。同步辐射软X射线三维显微成像具有高分辨率、高穿透性等优点，突破了传统成像技术的限制，在生命科学领域展现了广阔的应用前景。本项目拟在上海光源软X射线谱学显微实验站建立低温冷冻条件下50纳米高空间分辨的纳米CT成像技术，研制低温冷冻条件下的样品环境室，解决"水窗"软X射线显微镜不能对大细胞进行三维成像的局限性，提供一种新的具有无损、灵敏和超高空间分辨等特征的生命科学检测、成像、分析与操纵方法。利用建立的纳米CT成像技术研究四氧化三铁纳米颗粒或者钆离子为药物载体与人体宫颈癌细胞相互作用的机理，为肿瘤药物载体以及药物本身的评估和改良提供一种全新的研究工具。

由于细胞等生物样品的研究对人类健康有很大的指导意义，细胞显微成像能够揭示细胞整体以及细胞器的形态、结构，以及细胞内蛋白质的空间定位、构象变化，是生物学发展的最重要技术之一。同步辐射软X射线三维显微成像具有高分辨率、高穿透性等优点，突破了传统成像技术的限制，在生命科学领域展现了广阔的应用前景。本项目主要依托上海光源软X射线谱学显微实验站建立原位低温冷冻环境，提供一种新的具有无损、灵敏和超高空间分辨等特征的生命科学检测、成像、分析与操纵方法。目前已经实现样品处的低温环境最低80K并能稳定保持，而且可以精确控温，将生物样品在外部进行快速冷冻之后，将样品放到真空腔内，通过原位低温环境可以长时间保证处于冷冻条件下进行测试。这种原位环境的提供不仅对生物样品对其他材料样品性能的测试也有非常大的意义。