非稳态条件下热防护服微系统传热模型构建及隔热性能预测

A wide variety of emergencies, e.g. fire hazard and inflammable gas leakage, led to serious burn of firefighters and workers during industrial manufacturing. Heat-protective clothing was always treated as the mainly personal protective equipment undertaking different high temperature working conditions or fire fighting area, therefore, it was significant and essential to investigate heat insulation ability of heat protective clothing and its protective effect to human body. In our project, a novel cooperative system composed of heat protective clothing, air gap and human skin was established under different high temperature or flame injection conditions. The governing equation of heat-protective clothing was given considering conduction of fiber phase, radiation of entrapped air, evaporation and thermochemical degradation, while the heat transfer of air gap located between clothing and human skin was the combination of conduction and radiation. Based on the Pennes model, human skin was formed by three tissue layers, i.e. epidermis, dermis and hypodermis and the blood perfusion was also involved. Then, Finite Volume Method was utilized to solve the above dynamic heat transfer models in this cooperative system, then the temperature responses and heat flux curves could be numerically yielded and the skin burn degree was theoretically estimated. Moreover, several experimental approaches, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal protective performance (TPP) were utilized to verify the accuracy of the numerical results. In one word, this project was efficiently helpful to analysis the protective mechanism and design new style of heat protective clothing.

在实际工业生产中，各类突发性的火灾及可燃性气体泄漏等事故会造成工作人员烧伤。热防护服作为主要的个体防护装备被广泛地应用于各类高温工况中，研究其隔热性能以及对人体的防护作用具有重要意义。本项目拟建立在高温环境或火焰喷射环境下由热防护服、空气隔层和人体皮肤组成微系统的传热模型，热防护服内部考虑纤维相热传导、纤维间空气热辐射、水分蒸发和热化学分解的影响；空气隔层内建立热辐射和热传导耦合传热方程，明确各组分所占比重；人体皮肤采用Pennes模型建立表皮、真皮和皮下组织三层的皮肤结构，并考虑血液灌注的影响。采用有限体积法数值求解此微系统中每部分的动态传热模型，获得每部分的动态温度曲线和热流密度等动态热响应特性。理论预测人体皮肤烧伤等级和微系统隔热效果，通过差示扫描量热仪DSC及热防护性能测试仪对理论预测结果进行实验验证，为深入研究热防护服的防护机理和开发新的热防护服产品提供理论基础和依据。

在实际工业生产中，各类突发性的火灾及可燃性气体泄漏等事故会造成工作人员烧伤。热防护服作为主要的个体防护装备被广泛地应用于各类高温工况中，研究其隔热性能以及对人体的防护作用具有重要意义。本项目建立了与实际服用情况相符合的基于热防护服、空气隔层和人体皮肤的微系统传热模型，并通过有限体积法数值求解了传热模型，获取了每部分的动态温度曲线和热流密度的分布情况。获取了空气隔层内热辐射和热传导各自所占的比重，解释了空气隔层的传热机理及其在热防护过程中的重要作用。建立了可以理论预测人体皮肤烧伤等级的评价体系，揭示影响微系统隔热防护效果和人体皮肤烧伤等级的因素和规律。为深入研究热防护服的防护机理和开发新的热防护服产品提供理论基础和依据。.到目前为止，在非稳态条件下热防护服微系统传热模型构建、隔热性能预测及新型隔热材料研究等领域发表项目标注SCI论文19篇，授权发明专利2项。顺利完成预定研究目标。