妊娠期口腔核心微生物群特征及其对健康维持的研究初探

In recent studies, researchers found that a large proportion of oral bacteria were shared by all subjects, supporting the concept of a core microbiome in the oral cavity. The core microbiome of oral microbial communities plays an important role in the maintenance of human oral health as well as overall health. Our previous work has revealed the characteristics of core oral microbiota in diseased conditions. In other extreme conditions like pregnancy, systemic factors such as hormone level and immune response will also contribute to the deterioration of oral health and the imbalance of microecosystem. Moreover, the variation of oral microecosystem will cause local and general adverse effects or even adverse pregnancy outcome. The aim of this study is to explore the core microbiome of oral microbial communities during pregnancy using the next generation high-throughput technology. The common microbial species and functional gene are involved in this study, as well as the relevant hormone and immune indices. This study will help to reveal the important role of the core microbiome of oral microbial communities during pregnancy and achieve a better understanding of the mechanisms between the microecosystem and the host. Furthermore, this study will enrich the basic theory of oral microbiology and help to design more effective interventions or preventive strategies for the diseases or side effects that occur during pregnancy.

人类口腔中存在着核心微生物，它们对维持口腔生态平衡和生理功能的稳定发挥着重要作用，同时也与宿主全身因素密切相关并且互相影响。前期工作中，我们已经发现了在疾病状态下口腔核心微生物群落结构和变化特征。而在妊娠这一生理极端状态下，宿主激素免疫水平的变化也可能导致口腔微生态失衡和口腔疾病；同时口腔微生态的变化又会反作用于孕妇局部和全身，甚至引起不良妊娠结局。基于这一作用模式并参考前期工作成果，本项目计划以妊娠期妇女这一特殊人群为研究对象，以口腔核心微生物为突破口，从共有细菌种群生态和功能基因两方面入手，以高通量分析为技术手段，同时参考妊娠相关的激素免疫指标，来分析在妊娠这一极端状态下口腔微生态尤其是核心微生物所扮演的角色，探讨微生物功能基因与宿主激素免疫水平之间生态联系的机制，从而进一步丰富口腔微生态学理论，并为孕产妇口腔保健和疾病防治提供理论依据。

人类口腔中存在着核心微生物，它们对维持口腔生态平衡和生理功能的稳定发挥着重要作用，同时也与宿主全身因素密切相关并且互相影响。在前期工作中我们通过对8例罹患头颈部恶性肿瘤的放疗病人进行采样研究，发现了在疾病状态下口腔核心微生物群落结构和变化特征。而在妊娠这一生理极端状态下，宿主激素免疫水平的变化也可能导致口腔微生态失衡和口腔疾病；同时口腔微生态的变化又会反作用于孕妇局部和全身，甚至引起不良妊娠结局。基于这一作用模式并参考前期工作成果，本项目计划以妊娠期妇女这一特殊人群为研究对象，以口腔核心微生物为突破口，从共有细菌种群生态和功能基因两方面入手，以高通量分析为技术手段，同时参考妊娠相关的激素免疫指标，来分析在妊娠这一极端状态下口腔微生态尤其是核心微生物所扮演的角色，探讨微生物功能基因与宿主激素免疫水平之间生态联系的机制，从而进一步丰富口腔微生态学理论，并为孕产妇口腔保健和疾病防治提供理论依据。