There are many Sulfur (S)-containing compounds in nature, which are widely distributed in all spheres of nature. In the biogeochemical cycle of S, the aquatic microorganism is an important driving factor. Many studies showed that the volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs, mainly dimethylsulfide, DMS) released from hydrosphere to atmosphere, which accounted for more than 23% of the global natural S fluxes. As DMS is a cooling effects gas, in global warming, it is a great significance in the study of global climate change about the S cycle driven by microorganisms in the hydrosphere. However, the emission mechanisms of VSCs, the regulation by environmental factors, and the quantitative relationship between VSCs and microorganisms are still unclear. And the changes of S cycle driven by microorganisms in the future global change are unknown. Hence, using large macro field data, laboratory culture and verification experiments, and in situ ecological simulation experiments, we will know the main VSCs species from cyanobacteria, the S metabolic mechanism regulated by cyanobacteria and its environmental factors, the quantitative relationship between algae and the main VSCs, and the effects of climate change on S cycle in the lake ecosystem. Our research will promote the theory of climate change regulated by microorganism.
硫元素(S)在自然界存在多种形态,广泛分布于自然界各圈层。水圈微生物是驱动S元素生物地球化学循环极其重要的部分,研究表明其释放到大气的挥发性含S化合物(VSCs),占全球自然界S循环通量的23%以上,且主要为二甲基硫醚(DMS)。由于DMS在气候变化中有降温作用,因此水圈微生物驱动S循环,对全球气候变化有重要意义。但前人对于水圈微生物释放VSCs的机制机理,受环境因子调节过程,与主要VSCs之间的定量关系等不清或有争议。此外,在全球气候变化背景下,水圈微生物S循环将如何响应也有待深入研究。本项目拟在前期大量积累上,通过野外宏观数据分析,室内培养鉴定,原位生态模拟等手段,重点解决湖泊生态系统中蓝藻释放VSCs的主要种类,受环境调节的代谢机制,藻类与主要VSCs的定量关系及其环境影响因素,和气候变化对湖泊生态系统中藻类S循环的影响,这将对水圈微生物通过S循环参与调节气候的理论提供新的支撑。
藻类释放的挥发性有机硫化物(VSCs)在硫循环和气候调节等方面具有重要意义,也是导致淡水异味的重要物质。我们的研究表明在世界范围引起淡水蓝藻水华的微囊藻(Microcystis),是VSCs的重要来源,其释放的VSCs主要包括二甲基硫(DMS)、二甲基二硫(DMDS)和异丙基甲基硫(IPMS)。我们同时在实验室培养条件和16个湖泊中,发现磷(P)是调节微囊藻释放VSCs的重要因子,能在0.05至0.5mg/L浓度下促进多种Microcystis的DMS产量。这表明在随着淡水富营养化和Microcystis水华的广泛发生,淡水蓝藻驱动S循环和水体异味将进一步加强。在对长江中下游100个淡水湖和全球海洋中DMS、藻类和环境因子之间的关系进行分析,发现DMS与藻类生物量呈现驼峰关系,并揭示了排放到大气中的DMS浓度增加到约pH=8.1,但在较高的pH值(>8.1)下,DMS浓度因分解加快而下降。这一新发现使我们能够更准确地评估DMS排放的全球模式,并进一步了解浮游植物驱动的DMS排放对气候的负反馈调节,这将对水圈微生物通过S循环参与调节气候的理论提供新的支撑。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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