基于能量演化的煤岩刨削破碎粉尘控制机理研究

In order to reduce the dust concentration and respirable dust dispersibility for plow cutting thin seam working face and improve particle size, taking the method of combining experiment with theory and numerical simulation, carry out the research on dust control mechanism for coal rock cutting based on energy evolution theory: refining the experimental tunnel of plow into the system with function of planning tools loading test and energy test, which was built independently; studying on the laws of energy release and dissipation when cutting coal; working on the energy transfer laws in the failure process of coal cutting; researching on the distribution laws of dust concentration and respirable dust dispersibility, and the laws of particle size distribution; figuring out the energy evolution impact laws of dust concentration, respirable dust dispersibility and particle size of coal; studying on the stress distribution and stress wave transmission and attenuation pattern when coal rock fails in cutting; establishing the elasto plastic damage constitutive model based on energy evolution theory. This research integrates the geometric characteristics and the crack propagation criterion information when cutting damage for coal seam occurs with the discrete element method, achieving the goal of numerical simulation for the process of planning tools cutting coal rock, and predicting the dust production mechanism; revealing the dust control mechanism based on parameter optimization of planning tool and cutting. This research has a significant theoretical meaning and application value for reducing the dust concentration for plow cutting thin seam working face, and improving the level of production safety.

为降低薄煤层刨煤机工作面刨削粉尘浓度、呼吸性粉尘分散度以及提高刨削煤块粒度，采用实验、理论和数值模拟相结合方法，开展对刨煤机工作面基于能量演化的煤岩刨削破碎粉尘控制机理研究：改进自主研制的刨煤机实验巷道，形成具有刨刀载荷测试与能量测试的多功能实验系统；研究刨削煤岩能量释放和耗散规律；研究煤岩刨削破坏过程中能量传递规律；研究粉尘浓度、呼吸性粉尘分散度分布和煤块粒度分布的规律；揭示能量演化对粉尘浓度、呼吸性粉尘分散度和煤块粒度的影响规律；研究煤岩刨削破坏时的应力分布和应力波传递及衰减规律；建立基于能量演化的弹塑性损伤本构模型；研究将刨削煤层破坏损伤几何特征和裂纹扩展准则信息与离散单元法集成，实现对刨刀刨削煤岩破碎过程的数值模拟和产尘机理预测；揭示基于刨刀和刨削参数优化的控尘机理，研究成果对降低薄煤层刨煤机工作面粉尘浓度、提高煤矿安全生产水平具有重要理论意义和应用价值。

刨煤机工作面刨削过程中产生的粉尘不仅恶化工作环境，危害工人身体健康，本项目利用刨煤机刨削煤岩的改进实验系统，通过分析密实核与煤岩破碎能量演化机制以及刨削粉尘、煤块粒度与主要影响因素之间的关系，开展煤岩性质、刨刀参数和刨削参数与能量释放和耗散的关系研究；开展基于能量演化的煤岩刨削破碎粉尘控制机理研究，解决刨煤机开采向绿色安全生产面临的关键科学问题。研究工作对减少刨煤机工作面粉尘污染，促进矿井安全高效开采有重要理论意义和实际应用价值。.项目通过研发刨煤机刨削煤岩载荷测试实验系统，测试刨刀载荷与刨削能量，研究不同煤岩性质、刨削参数煤块粒度和粉尘的模拟实验研究；构建了能量演化的弹塑性损伤本构模型，基于耗散能计算的煤岩峰后能量演化规律；建立了刨刀刨削煤岩动力学模型，基于FE-SPH耦合算法对含层理煤岩刨刀刨削过程进行数值模拟；研究了基于刨削能量的刨刀刨削煤岩强度特性。.通过本项目的深入研究，获得重要结果是刨煤机刨削煤岩载荷和能量测试系统的研发以及实验测试刨刀；并运用非线性函数描述刨刀法向力随接触程度的变化规律，建立了刨刀-煤岩接触分段函数模型；通过建立刨刀刨削煤岩能量演化模型，得到刨刀结构参数和刨削工况参数对刨刀载荷、能量输出和输出功率的影响规律；进行了刨削煤岩能量传递实验研究，获得刨刀刨削过程中的载荷大小受到刨削速度和刨削深度等工况参数的影响：当刨削速度增加时，刨刀载荷均值、极值和波动程度（标准差）均会呈现轻微上扬，相较之下，刨削深度对刨刀载荷的影响较大，即随着刨削深度的增加，刨刀载荷均值、极值和波动程度（标准差）呈现较大上升的变化趋势。.通过优化配置刨煤机和刨刀参数，提出降低刨削能量和提高煤块粒度的方法。从源头上改善井下工人作业环境，保障工人身体健康具有十分重大的意义，对促进我国薄煤层绿色开采具有重要现实意义和工程应用价值。