基于非搜索方式的高超声速飞行器检测前聚焦技术研究

As a new weaponry, the hypersonic flight vehicle has advantages of the stealth, the long distance, the high speed, the high maneuverability and the strong interference, which make the corresponding radar detection encounter the extremely low signal-to-noise ratio. Without the changes of the radar system and parameters, the focus-before-detect technique can improve the radar detection performance under the extremely low signal-to-noise ratio and has received wide attentions. The traditional focus-before-detect technique, which utilizes the searching operation to focus the radar echo, has the problems of the blind speed sidelobe, the large computational cost and the complex radar system. In order to resolve these problems of the traditional focus-before-detect technique, we aim to propose the non-searching focus-before-detect technique for three echo models of the hypersonic flight vehicle. Through the introduction of the pseudo axis, the non-searching focus-before-detect technique can complete the echo focus only by employing the multi-dimensional decoupling technique and the multi-dimensional (inverse) Fourier transform. This research would enhance the radar detection of the hypersonic flight vehicle, set up the research system of the non-searching focus-before-detect technique and expand the theory of the focus-before-detect technique. Therefore, this research has the important theoretical significance and application value.

高超声速飞行器作为新兴的武器装备，其隐身性、超远程、超高速、高机动和强干扰等特点使雷达检测面临极低的信噪比问题。检测前聚焦雷达信号处理可提高极低信噪比条件下的雷达检测性能且基本不改变雷达体制和参数，相关理论和实现技术受到广泛关注。传统检测前聚焦技术基于穷尽搜索方式实现雷达信号的聚焦，穷尽搜索方式应用于高超声速飞行器检测前聚焦将导致盲速旁瓣、大运算量和高雷达系统复杂度等问题。针对高超声速飞行器三种回波信号模型，本项目拟通过引入虚拟单元轴的方式，将传统线阵操作转换为多维矩阵操作，并利用多维耦合消除技术和多维（逆）傅里叶变换技术实现高超声速飞行器的非搜索检测前聚焦，克服传统检测前聚焦技术穷尽搜索方式导致的缺陷。通过本项目研究，将会增强雷达对高超声速飞行器的探测能力，建立基于非搜索方式的检测前聚焦技术研究体系，以及丰富检测前聚焦雷达信号处理理论。因此，本项目研究具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。

高超声速飞行器作为新兴的武器装备，其隐身性、超远程、超高速、高机动和强干扰使雷达检测面临极低的信噪比等问题。检测前聚焦雷达信号处理可提高极低信噪比条件下的雷达检测性能且基本不改变雷达体制和参数，相关理论和实现技术受到广泛关注。针对高超声速飞行器三种回波信号模型，本项目开展低信噪比检测前聚焦技术研究，通过Generalized Dechirp-Keystone Transform，最优检测前聚焦和Improved LVD闭合解析式推导分别完成机动目标窄带回波信号模型、平稳目标宽带回波信号模型和机动目标宽带回波信号模型的边界效应分析。相比传统检测前聚焦技术研究，本项目清晰了所提算法的物理机理，所提算法抗噪声性能接近理论最优，且计算复杂度降低2个数量级以上。通过本项目研究，将会增强雷达对高超声速飞行器的探测能力，建立低信噪比检测前聚焦技术研究体系，以及丰富检测前聚焦雷达信号处理理论。因此，本项目研究具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。