供需波动下考虑生命周期与调剂的血液联合库存管理策略研究——以血荒为例

To promote the coordination and optimization of blood supply chain inventory is the key to control blood shortage. It would affect the joint inventory management between the blood banks and the hospitals (vertical coordination supply chain) for blood banks (horizontal coordination supply chain) to adjust cross regionally. At present, few studies on the blood jointly inventory managed methods are reported. The project aims to resolve the inventory management problem of blood shortage, at the same time, considering blood support characteristics, for example, fluctuation in supply and demand, the distribution of the blood lifetime, transfer strategy, the substitution between different blood groups, and the equity of allocation et.al. Based on these, three problems will be studied in this project. Firstly, it will be researched about the inventory replenishment strategy optimization problem with fluctuation of supply-demand considering lifetime information and transferring. Then, the blood group substitution strategies will be optimized. Furthermore, the blood support performance of joint inventory decision will be compared with decentralized inventory decision, the actual data will be investigated and discrete event system simulation will be designed to verify the theoretical model, as well as, a series sensitivity analysis of the key parameters will be implemented, and some meaningful management insights will be found. Lastly, an assistant decision simulation system will be developed to provide reference for blood inventory management.

促进血液供应链库存的协调与优化，是治理血荒难题的关键措施之一。血站间的跨区域调剂(供应链横向协调)会影响区域内血站-医院之间的联合库存管理(供应链纵向协调)。而目前缺少考虑调剂的血液联合库存管理方法。鉴于此，本课题拟考虑供需波动、在库品生命周期分布、跨区调剂、血型替代、公平分配等血荒特性，对血荒背景下的联合库存管理策略问题开展研究，旨在解决血荒应对的库存管理难题。主要研究内容包括：①供需波动下考虑生命周期与跨区调剂的血液联合库存补充策略优化；②联合库存决策下的血型替代策略研究：③联合库存决策与分散库存决策下的血液保障绩效比较。在此基础上，调研实际数据，设计离散事件系统仿真对理论模型进行验证，并对关键参数进行系列敏感性分析，得出一些有意义的管理启示。最后，集成上述研究成果，开发一套血荒血液保障辅助决策仿真系统，为血液库存管理提供决策借鉴。

促进血液供应链库存的协调与优化，是治理血荒难题的关键措施之一。血站间的跨区域调剂(供应链横向协调)会影响区域内血站-医院之间的联合库存管理(供应链纵向协调)。而目前缺少考虑调剂的血液联合库存管理方法。本课题考虑供需波动、在库品生命周期分布、跨区调剂、血型替代、公平分配等血荒特性，对血荒背景下的联合库存管理策略问题开展研究，旨在解决血荒应对的库存管理难题。本项目推导出了具有多新鲜度需求的血液库存状态与关键评估指标的数学刻画方法；研究了供需波动下考虑生命周期分布的血液产品调剂决策模型；考虑不同优先权需求与公平性关切的血液产品分配决策模型；供需波动下考虑生命周期与集成决策的血液联合库存补充策略优化方法。以近年来重庆等地发生的季节性血荒事件为例，调研获取实证数据，对相关模型和仿真分析方法的可行性和有效性进行了实例验证。在此基础上，研究并开发了一套适用于血荒状态的血液保障辅助决策仿真系统，并进行了应用测试。本项目研究成果对于提高血液供应链绩效、完善血液保障体系具有重要价值。