The β-cell dedifferentiation was recently assumed as the key mechanism for β-cell dysfunction in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, there was still no study using T2DM human islet to investigate the molecular mechanism of β-cell dedifferentiation so far. Our preliminary data indicated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) treatment could significantly reverse the β-cell dedifferentiation of T2DM islets and improve β-cell function. In addition, we found that the effect of MSC on β-cell dedifferentiation was related to the decreased expression of IL-1β and COX2 with GeneChip microarray. Based on this findings, we hypothesize that IL-1β/COX-2/PGE2/JNK1 are the key signaling pathway which was involved in the regulation of MSC on β-cell dedifferentiation. Thus, RNA-seq methods will be applied in this proposal to determine the characteristics of gene expression of β-cell dedifferentiation induced by IL-1β. Meanwhile, we will clarify the cellular and molecular mechanism underlying the effects of MSCs on β-cell dedifferentiation by investigating IL-1β/COX-2/PGE2/JNK1 pathway. This study will provide theoretical foundation for the clinical application of MSC to treat β-cell dysfunction in T2DM patients.
β细胞去分化是新近发现的2型糖尿病(T2DM)胰岛β细胞功能受损发生的重要机制,但目前还未见应用临床T2DM人胰岛进行β细胞去分化分子机制及治疗策略的深入研究。我们研究发现,间充质干细胞(MSC)可以显著逆转T2DM人胰岛β细胞去分化,芯片分析结果显示与MSC共培养后,T2DM人胰岛内IL-1β mRNA水平及其下游COX-2表达水平显著下降,并且IL-1β分泌水平显著降低。因此我们推测MSC主要通过抑制IL-1β/COX-2/PGE2/JNK1通路来逆转T2DM人胰岛β细胞去分化。为了进一步研究MSC逆转β细胞去分化的分子机制,本项目中我们将通过RNA-seq基因分析方法明确T2DM人β细胞、IL-1β诱导的人β细胞去分化基因表达特征,通过研究IL-1β/COX-2/PGE2/JNK1信号通路在人胰岛β细胞去分化中的作用,阐明MSC逆转T2DM人胰岛β细胞去分化的细胞及分子机制。
β细胞去分化是2型糖尿病(T2DM)胰岛β细胞功能受损的机制之一,已知目前尚未有应用临床T2DM人胰岛进行β细胞去分化分子机制及治疗策略的研究。本课题明确了间充质干细胞(MSC)逆转T2DM人胰岛β细胞去分化提高β细胞功能的作用及潜在分子机制。结果显示,在炎症因子IL-1β作用下,非糖尿病人胰岛β细胞功能基因表达显著下调,而祖细胞标志分子表达显著上调,β细胞中转录因子FOXO1由细胞质转位到细胞核,NKX6.1表达丢失或发生胞质转位,提示T2DM胰岛内IL-1β水平是影响β细胞去分化的重要因素。IL-1受体拮抗剂(IL-1Ra)和下游COX-2/PGE2信号通路抑制剂显著上调了IL-1β作用下β细胞功能基因表达,提示IL-1β/COX-2/PGE2通路参与调控T2DM胰岛β细胞去分化。在此基础上利用MSC与T2DM人胰岛共培养,发现T2DM胰岛分泌的促炎因子诱导MSC分泌IL-1Ra,逆转β细胞去分化,促进胰岛素分泌。进而将MSC与T2DM人胰岛共移植至链佐脲菌素(STZ)诱导的糖尿病SCID小鼠肾包膜,发现MSC体内能够逆转T2DM 人胰岛β细胞去分化,且经静脉输注MSC能够逆转db/db小鼠β细胞去分化,改善血糖和糖耐量。本研究首次明确了MSC在逆转T2DM人胰岛β细胞去分化提高β细胞功能的作用及潜在机制,为临床应用MSC治疗糖尿病提供了坚实的理论基础。本项目目前申请专利2项,发表论文18篇,其中SCI论文12篇,中文论文6篇。培养研究生8名,其中博士生2名,硕士生6名。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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