鱼类生理功能、社群行为与适合度关联的环境依赖性

Consistent individual differences are individual differences in phenotype and physiology that are maintained in a wide range of animal taxa over time and across contexts. It is an important component of life-history theory and plays an important role in population growth and reproduction in animals. The frame work of newest theoretics in animal evolutionary physiology and behaviour is the research direction for this project. The indices for fish social behaviours correlated closely to fitness of animal will be built and promoted effectively. Individuals with higher RMR or lower RMR will be evaluated by respirometry, and differences in RMR among individuals also will be tested repeatedly. Researches on the correlation between physiological functions, social behaviours and fitness among individuals are also to be carried out under different levels of the contexts (e.g, food resource, predation pressure, water temperature and dissolved oxygen). This project may provide a new insight into individual differences in both fish physiological functions and behaviour traits via the approaches of physiology, ecology and behaviour. Our recent findings, invented apparatus and well-built research platform will contribute to the progressing of the present project. The six to eight publishing pagers including at least three SCI papers will be attained and two master students will also be graduated during the processing of this project.

种内个体差异是鱼类种群对生存环境不确定性的适应表现，也是鱼类生活史理论的重要内容，对种群结构的稳定、繁衍具有重要的生态学意义。本项目研究以动物进化生理学和行为学的最新理论构架为研究导向，构建和完善与适合度紧密相关的鱼类社群行为的指标体系；筛选高RMR个体和低RMR个体，并进行RMR的稳定性测定，同时考查不同环境资源（食物、捕食压力、水温和溶氧）条件下种内个体的生理功能和社群行为的联系，比较二者的关联与生存生长适合度的环境依赖性。本项目研究是将鱼类生理、行为和生态学有机结合起来的系统工作，在探讨鱼类各种生理功能、社群行为与生存生长适合度关联的环境依赖的生态学理论中具有一定前瞻性，具有重要的理论意义和研究价值。申请者实验室的近期研究发现、自行研制的仪器设备和完善的研究平台均为本项目研究的顺利开展奠定坚实的基础。项目预计发表论文6-8篇（其中SCI论文3-4篇），培养研究生2-3名。

鱼类种内个体差异是种群对栖息环境多样性和变异性的适应表现，也是其生活史的重要内容，对种群结构的稳定、增长和繁衍具有重要意义。本项目研究以进化生理学和行为学的最新理论构架为研究导向，构建了与适合度紧密相关的鱼类个性行为的评价指标体系；筛选了高、低标准代谢率（SMR）个体并进行SMR及其它表型特征的稳定性测定，同时考察不同环境资源（捕食压力、食物、水温和溶氧水平）条件下鱼类生理功能和个性行为的关联，比较了二类表型关联及其与生长适合度联系的环境依赖性。本项目研究主要原创性工作包括：不同种鱼类SMR个体变异的程度和表型的稳定期存在明显差异，环境变量会影响表型的稳定性；鱼类生理功能与个性行为或表型之间的关联具有明显的环境依赖性；极端食物匮乏严重影响鱼类表型特征和重要生理功能；鱼类的易钓性与其形态大小、能量代谢和个性行为密切有关，而且某些鱼类的首次垂钓经历并不影响其再次被钓；提出了鱼类SMR测定适合的流量设定和测定时间范围。总之，本项目研究是将鱼类形态、生理、行为和生理生态学有机结合起来的系统工作，在探讨鱼类生理功能、个性行为与适合度关联环境依赖性的生态学理论中具有原创性，不仅取得了重要的科学研究发现，进一步丰富了现有相关国际研究理论，而且获得的实验数据对水产养殖、渔业生产实践及三峡库区鱼类物种保护具有重要的应用价值和指导意义。