大面积图案可控图案化无裂纹光子晶体的制备研究

Photonic crystals have wide-spread potential applications in high performance optical devices, full-color displays and chemical/biological sensors, due to their unique light manipulation property. Fabrication of large-area patterned crack-free photonic crystals has significant scientific and practical values. In this project, large-area patterned crack-free photonic crystals will be facilely fabricated by self-assembly of mono-disperse latex spheres on patterned superhydrophobic substrates, through the precise control over the interactions between the latex spheres and the superhydrophobic substrates. This process enables the contact-printing transfer of the patterns from the patterned superhydrophobic substrates to the photonic crystal films, as well as eliminating crack formation. The facile fabrication of large-area patterned crack-free photonic crystals will not only promote photonic crystals' practical applications in displays, sensors and anti-fraud, but also provide theoretical support for facile patterning & crack elimination in fields of nano-electrode fabrication and etc.

光子晶体由于具有特殊的光调控性能在高性能光学器件、全色显示、化学/生物传感器等领域具有广泛的应用前景，图案化制备大面积无裂纹光子晶体具有重要的科学价值和实用价值。本项目通过单分散乳胶球在图案化超疏水基底上自组装，通过精确调控乳胶球与基底之间的相互作用，在消除光子晶体自组装过程中难以避免的裂纹发生的同时实现图案从基底到光子晶体的转印，从而简便的实现大面积图案化无裂纹光子晶体的制备。大面积无裂纹光子晶体的图案化制备不仅将推动光子晶体在显示、传感、防伪等领域中的实际应用，而且对纳米电极等其他领域的图案化形成和裂纹避免提供理论依据。

结构色材料具有环境友好，色彩持久、不发生光漂白等特点，在颜料、显示、传感、包装、防伪等众多领域具有诱人的应用前景。首先，本项目借助超疏水基底的低粘附性质，利用乳液滴模板法制备了形貌可控的非彩虹色无裂纹胶体晶体微粒。进一步，在无裂纹胶体晶体制备的基础上，通过胶体微球阵列结构提供光学性质，借助超分子聚合物框架网络的动态可逆分子间弱相互作用实现自修复性能，制备了自修复非彩虹色结构色纳米复合薄膜。此结构色薄膜在受到损伤后，可以于数十秒内反复恢复其光学性质、机械性能、表面超润滑性能，从而将有效推动结构色材料在户外广告等领域中的应用。第三，将石墨烯引入无序光学结构，实现了高亮度非彩虹色结构色薄膜的制备，并展示了其在便利湿度传感器中的实际应用。