图案化储油防爬行润滑材料的可控制备及摩擦机理研究

Grease lubrication has been widely used in modern machinery. The crawling of lubricating oil, however, can lead to the loss of lubricant, lubricating failure, and the contamination of the device. The patterned surfaces, alternated with oleophobic area and oleophilic area, can retain oil with the help of lipophilic medium, as well as prevent oil from creeping and losing by the oleophobic medium, which would be very advantageous in enhancing and maintaining the lubrication performance for a long term. This project aims to develop high-performance patterned lubricating materials with oil retaining and anticrawling. And we will also make a systematic study of the factors that influence its lubricating properties and the related friction mechanism. The main research contents are as follows. Firstly, the patterned lubricating materials with oil retaining and anticrawling will be constructed as well as the method that the low surface energy materials will be grafted on the metal substrates. Secondly, the performance of oil retaining and anticrawling and the change law will be studied. Thirdly, the tribological property of the patterned materials will be discussed under dry friction condition, elastohydrodynamic lubrication and boundary lubrication state, respectively. Finally, the influencing factors and the action mechanism of lubrication performance will be discussed and explained. And long-term stable functional materials with good oil retaining and anticrawling, wear resistance, and good lubrication, will eventually be obtained. The research results will make us gain new perspectives on the lubrication performance of patterned functional materials, as well as help to provide important theoretical support and practical application for the fabrication of patterned functional materials with long service life and wear resistance.

油脂润滑在现代机械中应用很广泛，但是润滑油的爬行会导致润滑剂的损失和润滑失效以及器件的污染。疏油和亲油相间分布的图案化表面，既可以利用亲油介质储油保湿，又可以利用疏油介质防止润滑油的爬行损耗，这对于润滑性能的增强和长效保持具有重要的意义。本项目旨在开发高性能图案化储油防爬行润滑材料，并深入研究影响其润滑性能的因素和摩擦机理。主要研究内容包括：构筑图案化储油防爬行润滑材料，开发金属接枝低表面能材料的方法；研究图案化疏油/亲油功能材料的储油防爬行性能及其变化规律；在干摩擦、弹流润滑和边界润滑三种状态下分别研究图案化材料的摩擦学性能；探讨并揭示图案化储油防爬行材料润滑性能的影响因素和摩擦机理；最终获得耐摩擦和润滑性能良好的长效稳定的储油防爬行功能材料。该研究将对图案化储油防爬行材料的润滑性能有新的认识，对长寿命、耐摩擦、润滑性能良好的图案化功能材料的设计制备具有重要的理论指导意义和应用价值。

表面润湿性是影响摩擦学性能的重要因素之一。图案化疏油/亲油工程材料具有独特的非均匀润湿性，既可以储油保湿，又可以防止润滑油爬行消耗。亲油介质与疏油介质协同作用，有利于解决特殊领域的润滑问题，成为了学术研究的前沿热点。本项目重点研发高性能图案化疏油/亲油工程材料，并深入研究图案化表面润滑性能的主要影响因素，揭示不同润滑条件下图案化疏油/亲油表面的润滑规律。取得的主要进展包括：（1）完成了图案化疏油/亲油工程材料的可控制备，形成了一套简易可行的激光微纳加工制备特殊润湿性材料的方法，便于推广和应用。（2）完成了图案化疏油/亲油工程材料摩擦学性能的研究，揭示了不同润滑条件下图案化疏油/亲油表面的润滑规律，为非均匀润湿性图案化工程材料的设计制备提供了理论和技术支持。（3）完成了极端润湿性工程材料在不同润滑条件下的摩擦学性能研究，相关成果有利于在微机械润滑领域推广应用。项目组在国内外学术期刊发表高水平论文11篇，申请发明专利/实用新型专利8件，培养毕业硕士生3名，获得校优秀硕士论文1篇。