竹纤维催化裂解产能过程及纯化的机制研究

In this present study, a novel pyrolysis process from biomass of bamboo, integrated pyrolysis, catalysis and catalytic membrane technology for hydrogen generation and separation from biomass was proposed by our laboratory. The main products of pyrolysis are (1) gases, including H2, CH4, CO, CO2 and other gases, (2) acetone, acetic acid, and other liquid products, and (3) solid products, including char, carbon, and other inert materials. Hydrogen gas can be obtained if high temperature and sufficient volatile phase residue time are allowed. The hydrogen production rate can be further improved by steam reforming and water–gas shift reaction. Pyrolysis is a promising technology for economical hydrogen production from biomass; however, as all gases are produced in one reactor at high temperature and high pressure, explosive mixture may be formed. Therefore, hydrogen gas must be separated from the mixture for both safety and practical use considerations..This three-steps process that starts with fast pyrolysis of biomass, which generates high yields of a liquid product, bio-oil, followed by catalytic steam reforming of bio-oil to produce hydrogen and purification by catalytic membrane process. A major advantage of such a concept results from the fact that bio-oil is much easier and less expensive to transport than either biomass or hydrogen. Therefore, the processing of biomass and the production of hydrogen can be performed at separate locations, optimized with respect to feedstock supply and to hydrogen distribution infrastructure. This work focuses on the (1) demonstration of a fluidized bed reforming of whole bio-oil and on the (2) development of catalysts and (3) catalytic membrane suitable for such a process. The study is expected to provide more than 8 SCI articles. And development and application of energy technology from biomass of bamboo shift at North Fujian.

本研究提倡新的竹纤维裂解过程，主要结合裂解、催化剂、及催化薄膜技术应用于氢气的生成与分离。裂解产物主要包含(1)气体：氢气、甲烷、一氧化碳、二氧化碳和其他气体；(2)丙酮、乙酸和其他液体；(3)固体：含有焦炭、碳和其他惰性物质。即使在高温环境与充足反应条件下仅可得部分氢气，其产率可利用蒸气重组及水气转移反应加以提升改善。.利用快速裂解生质物，提高液态物质产生，继而利用催化剂蒸气重组bio-oil而得到氢气，并且以催化型薄膜加以纯化。主要优点为产生bio-oil较为容易，相较其他的生质物或氢气具有较低运输成本。因此藉由各自独立的反应程序形成生质物与产生氢气，可提升含氢原料与产氢基础设施之效能。主要内容(1)证明利用流化床重组产生的bio-oil；(2)发展适用于裂解产氢的催化剂；(3)评估裂解过程中适用的触媒薄膜。研究预期能提供8篇以上SCI文章及对闽北地区竹废物能源再利用提供新的方向。

本研究提倡新的竹纤维裂解过程，主要结合裂解、催化剂、及薄膜技术应用于氢气的生成与分离。裂解产物主要包含(1)气体：氢气、甲烷、一氧化碳、二氧化碳和其他气体；(2)丙酮、乙酸和其他液体；(3)固体：含有焦炭、碳和其他惰性物质。即使在高温环境与充足反应条件下仅可得部分氢气，其产率可利用蒸气重组及水气转移反应加以提升改善。利用快速裂解生质物，提高液态物质产生，继而利用催化剂蒸气重组bio-oil而得到氢气，并且以薄膜加以纯化。.本项目已完成适合的催化剂，10% CeO2 /CuO催化剂的催化性能最好，甲醇转化率为78.52%，氢气选择性为94.16%。后续选择Autothermal Oxidative Pyrolysis（AOP）工艺进行竹纤维废物裂解，在700oC时具有最佳气、液、固相产物比例为55%：37%：8%；气相产物中的气体比例CO、CO2、H2、CH4约为38%：22%：16%：8%。后续在气体分离膜部份,选择高分子/碳膜(CMS)复合膜，PEI/CMS复合膜对四种气体（H2, N2, CO2, CH4）的选择性及渗透率均最佳，H2通过复合膜的阻力是最小的。这表明，PEI/CMS对H2具有较高的渗透率。而PEI/CMS膜通过Robeson’s trade-off line评估，H2/CH4与H2/N2选择率具有接近商业膜的水准。