导电聚合物接枝石墨烯阵列的研究

Conductiong polymers and graphene have different advantages for each of them. It is expectable if they are effeciently combined to develop noval functional composites with outstanding properties. This project is to systematically study the synthesis and applications of polyaniline grated graphene. The objects include: 1) preparing polyaniline grafted graphene composites, wherein polyaniline is probably with nanoscal structures, with/without cojugated structures to link polyaniline molecues and graphene directly or indirectly. 2) Grafting small organic molecures or tri-block copolymers with different molecular weight to graphene. It is targeted to prepare well dispersed graphene by this meaning. Furthermore, graphene thin film will be prepared by self-assembly method. The assembly mechnism will be explored. 3) Preparing well desinged arrial structures on the surface of electrode through electrochemical polymerizaiton, wherein polyanilines served as poles bonded on the electrode and they also connect with graphene sheet by covalent bonds. To reach this traget, the synthesis conditions will be controlled and optimized..This project will help to develop a noval method on grafting polyaniline on graphene, to prepare a series of new polyaniline grated graphene composites,to prepare composites with high level structures by control the reaction conditions, and finally to prepare electrode materails for supercapaciter with outstanding performance. This project will benefit the fundmental research and practical applications.

导电聚合物和石墨烯各自具有许多优异性能，如两者有效结合有望构筑综合性能优异的复合功能材料。本项目系统研究聚苯胺接枝石墨烯的合成与应用，主要内容有：1）合成两者间有/无共轭结构（指聚苯胺分子直接/间接连接石墨稀）的聚苯胺分子（或纳米结构）接枝石墨烯的复合物，探讨通过两条途径形成的聚苯胺接枝石墨烯复合物对其电化学性能的影响；2）使石墨烯表面/边缘接枝有机小分子或不同分子量的三嵌段共聚物，以期获得具有高分散性的石墨烯，并通过组装构筑具有多级结构的石墨烯薄膜，探讨其组装机理；3）控制合成条件，通过电化学聚合的方法，石墨烯与聚苯胺通过共价键在电极表面构筑石墨烯（篱笆）接枝聚苯胺（桩）阵列。通过本项目的实施，开拓聚苯胺接枝石墨烯的新方法；合成新的一系列的聚苯胺接枝石墨烯复合物；并通过条件控制，获得了具有多级结构的复合材料；从而有望制备出性能优异的超级电容器电极材料。该项目具有较高的理论价值和实际意义。

导电聚合物与还原氧化石墨烯作为超级电容器电极材料时具有各自的优缺点：导电聚合物聚苯胺容量高但倍率性能和循环稳定性不佳，还原氧化石墨烯具有高的导电性、力学性能等特点但其在准备过程中易聚集使比表面积较低导致其电容量低。本项目通过小分子修饰氧化石墨烯的方法获得了高性能的石墨烯基超级电容器电极材料，探讨了其结构与性能的关系；研究了不同方法合成聚苯胺共轭接枝石墨烯的电化学性能，揭示了聚苯胺共轭接枝石墨烯的具有优异的电化学性能；通过接枝、组装以及原位聚合的方法合成了高容量性能的具有多级孔状结构的聚苯胺/还原氧化石墨烯超级电容器电极；通过炭化和/或活化导电聚合物及导电聚合物基/氧化石墨烯复合材料，获得了一系列高电化学性能的碳基电极材料。通过本项目的实施，已发表SCI 论文12篇，其中Ⅰ区论文5篇，最高影响因子为8.26；EI论文3篇；获湖南省自然科学二等奖1项；另外：培养了8名硕士研究生和1名博士研究生。