基于迎驶行驶方式的冷链物流协同配送车辆路径优化方法

With the development of fresh food e-commerce, there rises a trend that the orders of fresh foods have larger scale, more items and shorter time limit. This makes a higher expectation for organizing and scheduling cold chain vehicles. Due to the limitations of traditional order-driven pickup-and-delivery mode in cold chain logistics, how to present more economical, efficient and environmental distribution modes and scheduling methods for vehicles becomes the inherent demand of enterprises engaged in fresh food e-commerce to enhance their core competitiveness. Utilizing the concept of Rendezvous driving pattern, this project presents a collaborative distribution mode in cold chain logistics with meeting depots and analyze its advantages and the method of network constructing. For the time and space related conditions of freight exchange in Rendezvous, clustering methods and operations research theories are used to investigate generation and optimization methods of orders grouping. And then a mathematical model of collaborative vehicle routing problem in cold chain logistics based on Rendezvous driving pattern is built. Combining with its feature of temporal structure, a scheduling strategy of rolling horizon is used to divide this problem into a set of sub-problems. The features of these sub-problems and the coupling relationship among them are analyzed. With the above research, backbone-guided intelligent optimization algorithms and a corresponding accelerating method of neighborhood search are developed. At last, the model and algorithms are verified by numerical simulation. A corresponding application research is implemented with an enterprise as well. This project can not only obtain theoretical results, but also guide enterprises to organize and schedule cold chain vehicles.

随着生鲜电商的发展，生鲜产品订单呈现出大规模、多品项、短时限趋势，对冷链配送车辆的组织和调度提出了更高的要求。如何针对以订单驱动的集货–送货模式的局限，提出更加经济、高效和环保的冷链配送模式和车辆调度方法，是生鲜电商企业提升核心竞争力的内在要求。本项目采用迎驶行驶方式思想，提出冷链物流协同配送模式并分析其优势特性及其网络构建方法；针对新模式中货物交换的时空规则，运用聚类分析方法及运筹学理论，研究订单分组方案生成及优化方法，在此基础上构建基于迎驶行驶方式的冷链物流协同配送车辆路径优化数学模型；结合该问题的时序结构特征，采用滚动时域调度策略对其进行有机分解，分析子问题的约束特点及信息更新机制，并设计基于骨架的智能优化算法以及邻域搜索加速方法，实现对该问题的有效求解；最后对模型及算法进行仿真验证，并与企业合作开展应用研究。本项目既能获得理论性成果，又能实际指导企业冷链车辆组织和调度的管理实践。

随着生鲜电商的发展，生鲜产品订单呈现出大规模、多品项、短时限趋势，对冷链配送车辆的组织和调度提出了更高的要求。如何针对以订单驱动的集货–送货模式的局限，提出更加经济、高效和环保的冷链配送模式和车辆调度方法，是生鲜电商企业提升核心竞争力的内在要求。本项目围绕生鲜产品供需不确定性，以减少产品供应中断风险为目标，提出兼顾经济效益及环境效益的冷链物流网络构建方法，以及基于迎驶行驶方式的生鲜产品协同配送模式；针对新模式中货物交换的时空规则，运用聚类分析方法及运筹学理论，研究订单分组方案生成及优化方法，在此基础上构建基于迎驶行驶方式的冷链物流协同配送车辆路径优化数学模型；结合该问题的时序结构特征，采用自适应变邻域搜索策略，设计禁忌搜索的智能优化算法对该问题进行有效求解；最后对模型及算法进行仿真验证。本项目既能获得理论性成果，又能实际指导企业冷链车辆组织和调度的管理实践。