杀线虫活性苯乙烯内酯类化合物的发现及其作用机理研究

The plant pathogenic nematode is one of the most important infectious pathogens in the course of agriculture production, which greatly affected the productivity and quality of crops. With the improvement of people's protection consciousness of environment, more and more attention has been paid to the exploitation of botanical insecticides in the area of agrochemicals research, which comply with the urgent requirement of development of modern pesticide. In the initial project work we found that a styryllactone, 5,6-dehydrokawain, showed strong nematicidal activity against Caenorhabditis elegans and Meloidogyne incognita. The plants of genus of Goniothalamus are rich of styryllactones and 7 botanical samples from this genus exhibited potent nematicidal activity with high corrected death rates ranging from 61.74-93.46%. Then the important nematicidal compounds from the 4 most active samples of Goniothalamus among the tested ones will be revealed in this project by the mathods of phytochemistry and biochemistry. Finally, the structure-activity relationships of their activities and the mechanism of inhibition will be discussed. Results of this project will be help to exploit new pesticides and find new lead compounds, and also has very important significance to provide new plant nematicidal resources in our country and sustainably utilize Yunnan botanical pesticides.

植物病原线虫是农业生产中重要的传染性病原之一，严重影响农作物产量和品质。而随着人们环保意识的加强，植物源杀线虫剂的开发成为当前农药研究的热点，符合现代农药发展的迫切需要。项目组前期研究发现苯乙烯内酯类化合物5,6-dehydrokawain对秀丽隐杆线虫和南方根结线虫有较好的线虫毒杀活性，同时对苯乙烯内酯类化合物最集中的哥纳香属植物进行了线虫毒杀活性筛选，发现7种植物样品表现较好活性，其校正死亡率范围为61.74-93.46%。本项目拟采用植物化学、生物化学的方法从其中活性最好的4种植物样品中筛选出重要的苯乙烯内酯线虫毒杀活性分子，同时阐明其构效关系和作用机理。本项目的实施为新型杀线虫农药的开发及先导化合物的发现奠定基础，对丰富我国植物杀线虫资源及云南植物源农药的可持续利用具有非常重要的意义。

植物病原线虫是农业生产中重要的传染性病原之一，严重影响农作物产量和品质。而随着人们环保意识的加强，植物源杀线虫剂的开发成为当前农药研究的热点，符合现代农药发展的迫切需要。项目针对三种哥纳香属植物5个样品，开展了化学成分的分离、鉴定，以及杀线活性研究。分离得到化学成分86个，鉴定了60个化合物，其中3个为新化合物。 对其中20个化合物进行了杀线活性筛选，其中3个苯乙烯内酯类化合物 (+)-isoaltholactone、Goniothalamin和Goniothalenol具有较强的南方根结线虫毒杀活性，其LC50值分别为1.7205、1.8329、1.7145 μg/mL；分析了苯乙烯内酯类化合物的构效关系，发现其中C-4和C-7之间的五元氧环为杀线活性基团；并研究了化合物(+)-isoaltholactone杀线虫作用机理。本项目的研究结果为新型杀线虫农药的开发及先导化合物的发现奠定基础，对丰富我国植物杀线虫资源及云南植物源农药的可持续利用具有重要意义。