藏东南多环芳烃本地源对区域环境和大气长距离传输行为的影响

The southeast Tibetan Plateau (TP), significantly influenced by the summer Indian monsoon, which is regard as an ideal indicator region to study the fate of atmospheric long-range transport (LRAT) and trans-boundary pollution of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Originated from both local and LRAT sources, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) are kinds of particularly important pollutants in the TP. However, the local PAHs emission characteristics and its relative contribution on PAHs pollution are not clear, which restricts to improve the understanding of LRAT and deposition behaviors of POPs in the TP. Pointing to this scientific problem, the following research will be carried out in the proposed project: 1) to study the fingerprint characteristics of PAH emissions from local biomass combustion; 2) to study the features of PAHs emission from motor vehicle exhaust at high altitude environment; 3) to calculate PAHs inventory from local emission and source apportionment; 4) to explore the influences of local sources on the fate of LRAT. This innovative project will improve the understanding of POPs trans-boundary transport from South Asia to the TP and its deposition mechanism, as well as provide scientific basis for environmental protection of the TP and China’s environmental diplomacy.

藏东南地区显著受到印度季风的影响，是研究持久性有机污染物（POPs）长距离传输和跨境污染的典型区域。多环芳烃（PAHs）是青藏高原尤为重要的一类污染物，不同于其他POPs，各种燃烧过程产生本地源排放。然而目前对本地源PAHs排放特征和污染贡献尚不明确。本地源对PAHs长距离传输和高山环境行为的影响仍不清楚。针对这一科学问题本项目拟开展以下研究：1）本地生物质燃烧PAHs排放特征；2）高海拔低气压环境下机动车尾气PAHs排放特征；3）PAHs排放清单估算和来源解析；4）本地源对大气长距离传输行为的影响。上述研究对量化南亚POPs跨境传输和揭示沉降机理具有重要意义，为青藏高原环境保护和我国环境外交提供直接参考依据。

藏东南地区显著受到南亚季风的影响，是研究持久性有机污染物（POPs）长距离传输和跨境污染的典型区域。多环芳烃（PAHs）是青藏高原尤为重要的一类污染物，不同于其他长距离传输的POPs，各种燃烧过程产生本地源PAHs排放。本项目围绕青藏高原PAHs本地源排放污染特征及其环境影响开展系列工作，取得如下研究成果：（1）明晰了藏东南本地PAHs源主要包括生物质燃烧、交通源和城市人口聚集区的污染特征；（2）定量区分了藏东南峡谷通道地区PAHs本地源和长距离传输源的相对贡献；（3）揭示了本地源PAHs排放对区域环境和大气长距离传输行为的影响。（4）评估了藏东南森林针叶监测POPs的可行性，探究了PAHs在高山森林土壤中的积累和迁移行为。上述研究结果对于揭示青藏高原污染物来源和传输机理具有重要意义，为青藏高原环境保护提供科学依据。