The absence of an inversion symmetry introduces an asymmetric potential gradient and, therefore, yields an antisymmetric spin-orbit coupling (ASOC). The ASOC may split the electron bands by lifting the spin degeneracy, allowing admixture of spin-singlet and spin-triplet pairing states within the same orbital channel. Such a pairing state requires a complete reconceptualization of Cooper pairs, which has attracted considerable attention.Experimental evidence of such a mixed pairing state was first realized in the heavy fermion superconductor CePt3Si and the weakly correlated superconductor Li2(Pd,Pt)3B, in which the ASOC strength was regarded as an important tuning parameter for the mixed ratio of the spin-triplet to the spin-singlet component.However, more recent progresses on a number of weakly correlated noncentrosymmetric superconductors showed that there is no simple correspondence between the ASOC strength and the superconducting pairing state. A proper description of superconductivity without an inversion symmetry is to be established. In this proposal, one mission is to search for new types of noncentrosymmetric compounds,in particular for those having a large ASOC strength. Major efforts will be devoted to a systematic study of the superconducting properties for noncentrosymmetric compounds with a tunable ASOC strength and/or electronic correlation by using various experimental methods developed in our lab.We aim at revealing the determinant parameters for the pairing state of noncentrosymmetric superconductors which are badly needed for establishing the corresponding theory. Furthermore, we will also look into the novel aspects of the normal-state behavior caused by broken inversion symmetry, including the helical magnetism and quantum critical behavior.
在中心对称破缺的材料中,非中心对称的晶体势场会产生一种反对称的自旋-轨道耦合(ASOC),从而导致简并能级的分裂。对于非中心对称超导体,由于自旋不再是一个好量子数,其超导配对波函数允许自旋单态和自旋三重态混合,从根本上突破了传统的BCS理论框架,引起了国际学术界的广泛关注。这种混合形式的超导波函数首先在非中心对称超导体CePt3Si和Li2(Pd,Pt)3B中获得了实验上的支持,并认为ASOC是调节混合超导态的有效参量。然而,最新的研究进展表明这两者之间缺乏简单的对应关系,怎样描述非中心对称超导态仍是未解之谜。本项目将探索ASOC和电子关联强度可调的新型非中心对称超导材料,利用极端条件下的多种物性测量系统研究这两种效应对超导态和正常态性质,特别是超导序参量对称性的影响。结合能带结构特征,我们将分析并确立非中心对称超导态所依赖的关键因素,从而为发展非中心对称超导理论提供实验依据。
在本项目的资助下,我们系统地研究了中心对称破缺和/或者时间反演对称破缺对超导态的影响,揭示了一些新颖的超导配对态;在强关联拓扑态方面开展了系列研究,特别是非中心对称重费米子体系中的外尔半金属行为;研究了非中心对称重费子体系中的量子相变行为。项目执行期间,已取得多项创新性研究成果,在《自然•通讯》、PNAS、PRL等期刊上发表SCI论文28篇,并应邀在《Rep. Prog. Phys.》、《物理学报》等期刊上撰写非中心对称超导方面的综述,在国际会议上作报告20余次。. 项目取得的主要研究成果如下:(1)合成了多个新型非中心对称量子临界材料,如铁磁重费米子材料CeZnAl3等, 为研究量子相变与超导提供了新的材料体系和新的视角。(2)在非中心对称重费米子半金属YbPtBi中发现外尔费米子的实验证据。(3) 在LaNiGa2和LaNiC2中揭示了一类新型超导配对态,即基于两轨道的非幺正自旋三重态超导。(4)在国际上首先报道了非中心对称超导体K2Cr3As3的超导能隙存在线节点,表明其为非常规超导。(5)进一步澄清了重费米子超导体CeCu2Si2不存在能隙节点,提出了一种新的两能带d-波超导态,合理解释了先前很多矛盾的实验结果。(6)系统地研究了非中心对称超导中自旋-轨道耦合强度对超导态的影响,发现两者之间有联系,但缺乏简单的对应关系。(7)研究了一系列新近发现的时间反演对称破缺超导体的超导序参量,发现这些材料的超导能隙并不存在能隙节点,表现出BCS超导行为,代表一类新型超导材料。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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