内陆城市湖风热岛环流多态耦合与空气环境增益机制研究

Lakes and other large water bodies could put important influences on the air environment of inland cities. Positive enhancement of city air environment by the lakes should be disclosed thoroughly. In the proposal, a theoretical model of thermal and mass transport across the inland city and large water body is established firstly. Following that, Interactions between lake-breeze circulation and urban heat island circulation under the typical haze meteorological conditions are analyzed regarding of multiple flow states, including mutual promotion, inhibition and opposition. Secondly, a numerical model conjugating urban heat island circulation and lake-breeze is set up to investigate thermal and species transport between urban air environment and large water body in details. Simultaneously, multiple states caused by the interactions of urban heat islands and lake breeze are thoroughly disclosed, concerning on the mutual transitions between independent solutions. Thirdly, water tank model in lab scales together with particle image velocimetry will be implemented to validate former theoretical and numerical models, confirming the reliability of numerical procedures conjugating for the urban heat islands and lake-breeze. At last, field measurements will be conducted to disclose the impact dynamics of inland lake breeze on haze removal and qualitatively validate former theoretical and numerical results. This proposed research could contribute to identify the positive influences of large lake or water body on the inner city air environment and their major influencing factors, to provide the theoretical basis for inducing lake body to enhance urban air environment.

湖泊等大型水体对内陆城市空气环境存有重要影响，其环境增益机制需要深入探讨。本课题首先建立内陆城市环境流动的热质传输理论解析模型，分析典型霾气象条件下湖泊风环流和城市热岛环流的相互协同增益或对抗等多态行为机制；接着建立包含城市热岛环流与湖风环流耦合的数值计算模型，详细探究城市空气环境与大型水体间热质传输规律，观察多态响应下的热岛湖泊风耦合环流过程对内陆城市空气环境影响机制；然后通过耦合粒子图像测速系统的实验室水箱模型实验充分验证城市热岛湖泊风耦合环流数值计算程序的可靠性；最后结合典型内陆城市空气环境现场实测，揭示湖泊影响内陆城市空气环境的动力学机理并定性检验理论研究成果。本项目研究将有助于辨识大型湖泊水体对内陆城市空气环境的增益机制及其主导因素，为引导湖泊水体环境改善内陆城市空气环境提供理论依据。

本项目以内陆城市霾气象条件下空气环境增益改善为终极目标，讨论内陆城市热岛大气环流与湖泊风的辐合场作用下内陆湖泊对城市霾气象空气环境的影响进行深入研究。在项目的实施工程中，结合流体动力学理论分析、数值模拟和实验等研究方法，构建典型内陆城市局部热环境的分析框架，在此基础上构建城市局部热环流和解析模型；研究城市湖风环流的流动机理，并构建适合霾气象城市各类空气污染物的传递模型；构建适合典型濒湖内陆城市霾气象条件热岛及其污染岛理论耦合理论解析模型，以探索热岛湖泊环流多态行为及环境增益；构建霾气象条件下缩比例的城市实验室模型，开展典型濒湖内陆城市霾气象条件热岛及其污染岛实测（以武汉市及东湖为例），充分验证理论与模拟研究结果；详细探究城市空气环境与大型水体间热质传输规律并结合典型内陆城市空气环境现场实测，揭示湖泊影响内陆城市空气环境的动力学机理并定性检验理论研究成果。