机械力化学制备单组分地聚物水泥机理及强度调控研究

Geopolymer is polymerization gel, which is prepared with natural mineral or solid waste, and activator. The performance of the geopolymer is good and the carbon emission is low. The one-part geopolymer cement is similar to Portland cement, which can be used just by adding water. It is suitable for application at construction site. The existing one-part preparation methods have some drawbacks, and it is difficult for the industrial production. Mechanochemistry refers to the phenomena of chemical change or physicochemical change when the material is subjected to mechanical force. The pre research of the preparation of one-part geopolymer cement by mechanochemistry showed obvious advantages and promising application prospects. The mechanism for the mechanochemical preparation of the one-part polymer cement is not clear and performance control is difficult, which limit its engineering application. By characterizing and analyzing the comparison of the chemical compositions, physical phases and morphologies of the materials with and without mechanochemical treatment, this project intends to reveal the mechanism of mechanochemical reaction between aluminum silicate raw materials and solid alkali and establish a reaction model; by characterizing one-part geopolymer cement hydration phases and morphology changes, the geopolymer cement hydration reaction mechanism will be revealed and the mechanism of hydration model will be established; by investigating the effect of aluminum silicate materials and solid alkali components and mechanochemical conditions on the strength of geopolymer, the strength regulation mechanism can be obtained and a design method can be proposed. The expected results of the project are of great significance to the mechanochemical preparation of the engineering application of one-part gepolymer cement.

地聚物指采用天然矿物或固体废弃物及激发剂制备的聚合凝胶体。地聚物性能好，碳排放低。单组分地聚物水泥类似硅酸盐水泥，直接加水使用，适合现场工程。已有单组分制备方法存在缺陷，难于工业化生产。机械力化学指物质受到机械力作用而发生化学变化或者物理化学变化的现象，预研究采用机械力化学制备单组分地聚物水泥优势明显，有很好的应用前景。机械力化学制备单组分地聚物水泥机理不明及强度难以调控，限制其工程应用。本项目拟通过对比机械力化学制备前后材料的化学组成、物相与形貌等表征和分析，揭示机械力化学铝硅酸盐原料与固体碱反应机理并建立模型；通过表征单组分地聚物水泥水化过程物相与形貌等变化情况，揭示地聚物水泥水化反应过程机理并建立水化模型；进行铝硅酸盐原料与固体碱组分及机械力化学条件对地聚物水泥强度的影响研究，得到强度调控机制并提出制备设计方法。项目预期的研究成果对机械力化学制备单组分地聚物水泥工程应用具有重要意义。

地质聚合物是一种新型的绿色环保材料，因其环保、低耗能、工程应用性能好等特点，可作为普通水泥的替代物，因此在众多领域被广泛使用。本项目采用机械力化学制备单组分地质聚合物，可有效解决双组分地聚物制备过程存在腐蚀性、运输不便的问题。.本项目研究了机械力化学制备方式对单组分粉煤灰矿渣地质聚合物浆体的性能和火山灰反应机理的影响。以比表面积，抗压强度为控制指标，采用正交试验法，得到最优球磨制度和最优原材料配比；通过对比机械力化学前后混合料比表面积、XRD、FTIR、TG-DSC等试验结果，分析得到其在机械力化学效应下物质变化规律，结合已有机械力化学反应模型，揭示了机械力化学制备单组分地质聚合物的反应机理；针对机械力化学制备的单组分地质聚合物水泥进行水化试验，测得水化放热量、水化放热速率、水化活化能，同时进行了水化前后水泥XRD、FTIR等试验，通过与简单混合组的对比分析，得到机械力化学条件对水泥水化反应的影响规律，从而揭示机械力化学制备单组分地质聚合物的水化反应机理。研究结果表明了机械力化学制备单组分地质聚合物最优成分配比，球磨反应效应以及水化反应机理。本项目的研究成果将为后期单组分地质聚合物的应用提供配方比和制备工艺，有利于单组分地质聚合物的高效应用，并为机械力化学应用于制备粉煤灰-矿渣基单组分地质聚合物混凝土工程提供参考。