基于热红外成像技术的水稻稻瘟病早期检测与评价方法研究

Since rice blast is one of the major diseases during rice production, early detection of rice blast is very important for agriculture outputs increasing. This project takes rice seedling as research object, aim to break through the traditional method which taking single feature for plant disease diagnosis. Features from two dimensions including temperature field distribution and thermal infrared image were analyzed respectively based on thermal infrared imaging technology. By studying the expression and extraction method of parameters which can reflect the characteristics of early rice blast stability, thermal infrared information feature set was established for disease detection. Characteristic parameters’ dynamic change process and difference were analyzed according to infected stage. The parameters’ variation of health rice was taken as benchmark, model distance between infected samples and benchmark were calculated. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and multi-parameter fusion theory were used to build rice blast early detection and evaluation model. Validated test optimization by different rice blast resistance, eventually forming an early detection and evaluation method for rice blast, which is helpful for rice blast extent detection at early stage, significant at grasping the optimal chemical period to reduce grain loss, guiding chemical applying to reduce environment pollution.

稻瘟病是水稻生产中主要病害之一，实现稻瘟病害的早期检测对我国粮食增产增收非常重要。本项目针对苗期水稻，基于热红外成像技术，突破传统采用单一特征进行植株染病判断的方法，分别从温度场分布和热红外图像两个维度开展分析，研究能稳定反映早期稻瘟病害特征的参数表达及提取方法，建立病害热红外信息特征集。然后基于时间序列，分析各特征参数随染病时间的动态变化过程及差异，以健康植株的参数序列变化为基准，测算染病样本各参数与基准间的模式距离，采用模糊综合评判方法，构建多参数融合的病害早期检测和评价模型。通过不同稻瘟病抗性品种试验进行验证优化，最终形成一套水稻稻瘟病害早期检测及评价方法，实现稻瘟病害早期发病程度及趋势的判断，对抓住最佳化学防治时机、降低粮食损失、指导化学药剂施用量、降低环境污染均具有重要意义。

稻瘟病是水稻生产中主要病害之一，实现稻瘟病害的早期检测对我国粮食增产增收非常重要。本项目针对苗期水稻，基于热红外成像技术，探究了基于最大温度差值的水稻叶片稻瘟病害检测方法，结果表明健康水稻接种稻瘟病菌后，从第3天开始，染病区域与健康区域的温度差异能够被识别。基于此方法可以在水稻感染稻瘟病菌第3天进行病害判断。鉴于有的水稻品种病斑在接种后第4天开始显现，该方法可以较肉眼提前进行稻瘟病害的判断，为稻瘟病害的早期发现及防治提供可能。在此基础上，开发形成了作物病害检测系统及作物叶片病斑检测仪器，为作物田间病害检测及叶片病斑的定量测量提供了技术和依据，对抓住最佳化学防治时机、降低粮食损失、指导化学药剂施用量、降低环境污染均具有重要意义。