旋转部件积冰表面薄水膜非稳态流动的模拟方法研究

The background of this program is the need for enhancing the reliability and security for airplane and aero-engine in icing environment. The purpose is to provide technical support for icing simulation and anti-ice design on upwind components. The program will do research on the flow mechanism, mathematical model and computational method for the unsteady thin water film flow on rotational icing surfaces. And the experimental validation will be followed. Much attention will be paid on the following issues: the coupling of unsteady flow and ice accretion, the flow and its separation from the surface under the centrifugal force, the film backflow and its blow off near the ice horn, and the moving flow to dry surface. The research can accelerate the development for icing simulation technology which based on the numerical simulation of water film flow on the ice layer. .Based on the theoretic and experimental research, a mathematical model, which concerns ice accretion, droplet impingement, heat transfer with air flow, centrifugal force, air shear force and surface tension of the film, will be built for describing the water film flow on rotational icing surface. The computational method for the unsteady thin water film flow which driven by several complex factors and couples with ice accretion will be developed. The flow mechanism for the film on rotational icing surface will be realized. All the research will provide direct technical support for developing the icing model and its computational method which based on the film flow simulation. And this work will increase the icing simulation precision and enhance the adaptability to the rotational components.

项目以提高飞机/发动机在积冰环境中的可靠性和安全性为需求背景，以为迎风部件的积冰模拟和防冰设计提供基础技术支撑为目的，对旋转积冰表面的非稳态薄水膜流动展开流动机理、数学模型、数值方法研究和试验验证，重点关注移动边界薄水膜非稳态流动与积冰相变的耦合、离心力作用下的流动与甩脱、角状冰附近的回流与吹离、向无水干表面的推移等问题，研究成果将加快基于冰层表面水膜流动模拟的第二代积冰模拟技术的发展。.通过理论研究和试验验证，本项目将建立综合考虑积冰相变、水滴撞击、气流传热以及离心力、气流曳力和表面张力影响的水膜流动数学模型，发展多种复杂因素综合作用下薄水膜非稳态流动-相变的耦合计算方法，揭示旋转表面积冰过程中水膜流动的机理，为开发基于水膜流动模拟的积冰数学模型和计算方法提供直接技术支持，提高积冰数值模拟的精度并增强对旋转部件的适应性。

针对迎风面水膜流动/积冰的研究是工程热物理学界的研究方向之一，本项目对旋转部件积冰冰层表面薄水膜的非稳态流动进行研究。项目揭示了水膜流动与积冰相变相耦合、气流曳力对水膜的拖曳和吹离、离心力对水膜流动的推动和甩脱的机理，为数值研究提供了理论参考；建立了综合考虑水滴撞击、气流曳力、离心力、防冰热流综合作用下的积冰表面水膜流动数学模型，发展了水膜蒸发、向干区表面的流动、局部堆积与吹离、甩脱等具体问题的处理方法，从而形成了可以适用于静止/旋转部件迎风表面水膜流动/积冰相变的数值计算方法，为国内的积冰模拟和防冰设计奠定了技术基础；通过对飞机机翼、直升机旋翼、发动机整流罩表面的三维积冰及冰层表面水膜流动的数值模拟，并进行了初步的试验验证，获得了部件迎风面水膜流动/积冰的规律，证明了所发展数学模型的合理性和计算方法的可行性，同时也为后续研究提供了指引方向。