正畸牙根吸收和牙釉质脱矿的超精细结构研究

Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) and enamel demineralization are common side effects of fixed orthodontic treatment, and sometimes causes undesirable pain, compromised appearance and tooth mobility. The fact of OIIRR and enamel demineralization is the breakdown of inorganic minerals, i.e. hydroxyapatite crystals and organic ordered structures. This project will collect teeth where OIIRR and enamel demineralization takes place, then systematically use microscopy and microscopic spectroscopy to establish an approach for in situ analysis of micro area in OIIRR and enamel demineralization. At the meantime, the hyperfine structure of hydroxyapatite crystals and structural changes would be observed and analyzed in a wide range of scale levels (from millimetric to atomic), and with different parameters (morphology, structure and composition) to elucidate the process and molecular mechanism of OIIRR and enamel demineralization, and also provide insights into developing treatment approaches inhibiting those damage or promoting tissue repair.

牙根吸收和牙釉质脱矿是正畸治疗中常见的牙齿硬组织受损现象，严重时会影响牙齿稳定性和危害牙齿健康，给患者带来额外伤害。牙根吸收和牙釉质脱矿的本质是无机矿物-羟基磷灰石晶体及其有序结构在有机-无机界面上发生的晶体溶解和结构破坏过程。本研究收集临床经正畸治疗发生牙根吸收和牙釉质脱矿的离体牙，综合应用显微学和显微谱学技术建立正畸牙根吸收和牙釉质脱矿的微区原位综合研究体系，观察分析羟基磷灰石晶体超精细结构及其变化过程，从而多尺度（从毫米到原子水平）、多参数（形貌、结构和成分）地阐明正畸牙根吸收和牙釉质脱矿的发生过程及其分子机制，为临床上进一步研发抑制牙根吸收和牙釉质脱矿及促进硬组织修复的方法奠定基础。

牙釉质脱矿是细菌产酸造成羟基磷灰石晶体溶解和结构破坏的过程，是正畸治疗最常见的并发症，临床上表现为牙面上的白垩色斑块。白斑进一步发展，会造成釉质的实质缺损，严重影响了正畸疗效和牙齿健康。因此，如何有效预防釉质脱矿的发生是临床上亟待解决的问题。本研究收集因正畸治疗需要拔除的离体前磨牙，综合采用多种显微学和谱学技术，建立牙釉质脱矿的微区原位综合研究体系，从多尺度（从肉眼到原子水平） 、多参数（形貌、结构、成分、力学性能）观察分析釉质脱矿过程中羟基磷灰石晶体的变化，并建立不同程度牙釉质脱矿的显微学和成分分级，为进一步研究釉质脱矿的预防及修复方法奠定基础。