有机纳米晶体/无机纳米晶体有序复合光伏材料与器件

In this project, organic fibrous nanocrystals and inorganic nanocrystals will be used as templates for the grafting, coordination or adsorption of inorganic and organic quantum dots (QDs), respectively. Ordered interpenetrating networks of organic/inorganic nanocrystal hybrids will be obtained by inducing growth or aggregation methods. The interface and electronic properties of organic/inorganic nanocrystals will be carefully controlled to improve their compatibility and electric contact at the interface. In-situ growth of organic/inorganic nanocrystal hybrids from solution will be explored to obtain long-range ordered organic/inorganic semiconductor heterojunctions in a controlled manner. The influence of the aggregation structure and interface property of organic/inorganic nanocrystal hybrid on their photovoltaic properties will be studied to achieve the breakthrough of the power conversion efficiency of organic/inorganic hybrid solar cells. This research will provide new strategies to solve problems of organic/inorganic thin film solar cells, and will contribute to the technological innovation and progress of solar power industry in China.

本项目分别以有机纤维状纳米晶或无机纳米晶为模板，接枝、配位、吸附无机量子点或有机量子点，通过诱导生长或聚集形成有机纳米晶体/无机纳米晶体互穿网络有序复合新结构；调控其界面和电子结构，形成具有优良相容性的紧密接触的有机-无机界面；探索研究溶液法培养复合晶体，获得结构可控、长程有序的有机/无机半导体异质结；研究其聚集态结构、界面结构对光伏性能的关系规律，实现有机/无机复合太阳电池光电转换效率的突破，为解决有机/无机复合薄膜太阳电池存在的问题提供新的解决思路，为我国太阳能发电技术产业的发展提供原创性动力和技术保障。

在国家自然科学基金的资助下，我们重点在有机/无机复合单晶异质结光伏材料与器件、聚合物/无机纳米晶杂化材料与光伏器件以及有机/无机杂化钙钛矿太阳电池3个方面展开研究，取得了重要进展：1）设计制备了单晶异质结材料，首次从溶液中制备得到基于DPP小分子和富勒烯的有机给受体单晶异质结，并测得显著的光伏效应；2）通过调控量子点表面配体的排列方式和表面配体的偶极矩，增强聚合物与量子点之间的电子耦合，优化界面能级，提高器件性能，在基于PCPDTBT：CdSe量子点的杂化太阳电池器件中得到了世界纪录的光电转化效率4.18%；3）采用带双官能团的自组装分子层，同步实现了对有机/无机杂化钙钛矿太阳电池形貌结构和界面能级结构的调控，进一步调控钙钛矿薄膜生长动力学和优化设计多功能空穴传输材料，可使钙钛矿电池器件效率提高到18.6%，达到国际先进水平。三年来，在Adv. Mater.，J. Am. Chem. Soc., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., Energy & Environmental Science 等期刊上发表标注基金资助的 SCI 论文 31 篇，其中影响因子大于 3 的论文 25 篇，国际会议邀请报告 10 人次，国内学术会议邀请报告 3 人次。