多层次视角的企业创新生态系统协同演化机制研究

Starting from the three levels of enterprise species, ecological community and ecosystem, based on the practical logic of inter-enterprise relationship, inter-community relationship and the relationship between community and environment, this project analyzes the co-evolutionary mechanism of inter-enterprise, inter-community and between community and environment in the reverse order from phenomenon to essence. This project firstly describes the formation and motivation of enterprise innovation ecology based on the evolution theory, builds the multi-level model of enterprise innovation ecosystem, and analyzes the operational characteristics of the innovation ecosystem from the dynamic perspective. Secondly, on the enterprise level, this project constructs the inter-enterprise co-evolutionary model based on the Haken model, recognizes the order-parameters of the inter-enterprise co-evolution, and reveals the inter-enterprise co-evolutionary mechanism in the enterprise innovation ecosystem. Thirdly, on the community level, this project establishes the ecological community network to analyze the inter-community relation, and then constructs the inter-community co-evolutionary model based on the LV model, recognizes the key variables which affect the inter-community co-evolution, and reveals the inter-community co-evolutionary mechanism in the enterprise innovation ecosystem. Finally, on the system level, this project builds the evolutionary model of community coexistence ecosystem containing environmental factors based on the Tilman model, recognizes the environmental factor which affects the inter-community co-evolution, and reveals the co-evolutionary mechanism of community and environment in enterprise innovation ecosystem.

从企业种群、生态群落和生态系统三个层次入手，以企业间关系、群落间关系和群落与环境间关系的实践逻辑为基础，从现象到本质依次逆向展开企业间协同演化机制、群落间协同演化机制和群落与环境间协同演化机制研究。首先，从演化理论视角分析企业创新生态的形成及其动因，构建企业创新生态系统多层次结构模型，从动态角度解析创新生态系统的运行特征。其次，在企业层面，构建基于哈肯模型的创新生态系统企业间协同演化模型，识别企业间协同演化的序参量，揭示企业创新生态系统企业间协同演化机制。再次，在群落层面，构建生态群落网络分析群落间关系，在种间LV模型基础上建立两个群落间协同演化模型，识别影响群落间协同演化的关键变量，揭示企业创新生态系统群落间协同演化机制。最后，在系统层面，基于Tilman种群模型建立内含环境因子的群落共存生态系统演化模型，识别影响群落间协同演化的环境因子，揭示企业创新生态系统群落与环境间协同演化机制。

本项目将企业作为基本分析单元，从企业创新生态系统的构成要素（知识、人、企业、社群与系统）和关系视角构建了企业创新生态系统的理论研究框架。从知识和个人视角，分析技术知识搜索利用的内在机制、作用效果以及发明人合作网络等产生的影响效应，揭示企业创新生态系统运行的微观机制；从企业层面切入，引入网络关系分析，构建企业间的合作网络以及双层次合作网络，阐释生态系统企业间协同演化的内生机制、外生机制和影响效应，系统揭示企业创新生态系统企业间的协同演化机制；从群落层面切入，分别以社群和区域作为划分群落的边界，刻画群落内外关系的演变规律以及群落间关系对创新绩效的影响效应，系统揭示企业创新生态系统群落间的协同演化机制；从系统层面切入，重点考察地理、技术和制度环境与系统间的互动关系，系统揭示企业创新生态系统与环境间协同演化机制。