The main pathological changes of glaucoma is retinal ganglion cells and axonal degeneration, atrophy, and loss. The study found that retinal ganglion cell autophagy plays a key role in it, But the specific mechanism is still not clear. Previous research shows that: ligustrazine can decrease high intraocular pressure rat ganglion cell apoptosis, Its mechanism is associated with PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is an important way to regulate autophagy.Thus, we propose that ligustrazine by intervening in PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways to regulating cell autophagy is the main mechanism of reducing the retinal ganglion cell apoptosis.In order to verify the hypothesis, our project intends to study the autophagy regulation of the high intraocular pressure model retinal ganglion cells,using specific activation or inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, the role of autophagy in the optic nerve injury of glaucoma was elucidated by observing the ultrastructure and the membrane protein markers of autophagy; Under the ligustrazine intervention, to observe the effects of Ligustrazine on PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, ganglion cell autophagy and ganglion cell apoptosis, to elucidate the mechanism of action of ligustrazine protecting glaucoma optic nerve damage on the whole, organ, cell and molecular level.
青光眼的主要病理改变是视网膜神经节细胞及其轴突的变性、萎缩、丧失,研究发现神经节细胞自噬在其中起着关键作用,但其具体机制不明。前期研究显示:川芎嗪能够改善高眼压大鼠的神经节细胞凋亡,其机制与PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路有关,而PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路是调控细胞自噬的重要途径。据此我们提出:川芎嗪通过干预PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路调节细胞自噬是其降低视网膜神经节细胞凋亡的主要机制。为验证假说:本项目拟研究高眼压模型视网膜神经节细胞的细胞自噬变化规律,通过特异性激活或抑制PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路,以自噬体超微结构及自噬体膜蛋白标志物为观察载体系统,阐明神经节细胞自噬在青光眼视神经损伤中的作用及机制;在川芎嗪干预下,观察川芎嗪对PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路、神经节细胞自噬和神经节细胞凋亡的影响,在整体、器官、细胞及分子水平上阐明川芎嗪保护青光眼视神经损伤的作用机制。
青光眼是一组以视网膜神经节细胞(retinal ganglion cells,RGCs)及其轴突数目进行性丢失、视野逐渐丧失和视神经萎缩为特征的常见致盲性眼病,为全世界第二大致盲性眼病,中国原发性青光眼患者约有670万,其中致盲患者约有63.5万,探索有效防治RGCs损伤的治疗措施是青光眼防治的重要任务。本项目探索了在高眼压状态下PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路介导的神经节细胞自噬对视神经损伤的影响;观察了川芎嗪对高眼压模型PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路、神经节细胞自噬、视网膜神经节细胞凋亡及视神经损伤的影响,深入探讨了川芎嗪保护高眼压状态下视神经损伤的作用机制。研究结果显示:高眼压大鼠模型视网膜中存在PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路抑制,自噬通量增加,视网膜神经节细胞自噬过度激活,细胞凋亡增加,提示PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路介导的视网膜神经节细胞自噬过度激活是高眼压状态下视神经损伤的重要机制。川芎嗪能够改善高眼压模型大鼠视网膜的病理结构,减少视网膜神经节细胞凋亡,增加PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路相关蛋白的表达,激活PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路,降低视网膜神经节细胞的自噬通量,阻止高眼压模型大鼠视网膜神经节细胞自噬的过度激活,特异性阻断PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路后川芎嗪对模型大鼠的视神经保护作用减弱。川芎嗪能够提高视网膜神经节细胞缺血再灌注模型PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路相关蛋白的表达,降低模型细胞的自噬通量,抑制模型细胞的自噬,减少模型细胞凋亡,特异性阻断PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路后川芎嗪对模型细胞的保护作用减弱。本研究结果提示:川芎嗪对高眼压模型的视神经保护作用可能是通过激活PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路,防止视网膜神经节细胞自噬过度激活而实现的。本研究丰富了祖国医学关于青光眼防治的内容,为中医药的理论研究提供了新的思路。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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