风-浪联合作用下高速铁路桥梁行车安全性及控制方法研究

This project centers on the national strategy of“One Belt and One Road”and the great demands for development and construction of high-speed railway bridge in the complex ocean environment. Running safety and control method for high-speed railway bridge exposed to combined wind and wave actions are investigated systematically by means of field measurements, wind tunnel and wave flume experiments, theoretical analyses and numerical simulations. Firstly, the joint probability distribution models of the wind and wave conditions are built based on the investigation of the environmental characteristics of wind and wave at the coastal bridge sites, and the combined wind and wave loading parameters associated to different mean return periods are given. The experimental system and technology of high-speed railway bridge exposed to combined wind and wave actions are developed to investigate the load characteristics of the static and dynamic train-bridge systems under different wind-wave condition. Secondly, the refined wind-wave-vehicle-bridge coupling vibration model is proposed. The key factors that influence the running safety are identified and their influence mechanism is discussed using the proposed model. The limit standard of evaluation rules and the safety assessment approach are put forward to ensure the running safety of the high-speed railway on the bridge exposed to combined wind and wave actions. Finally, the control method of running safety for high-speed railway bridge exposed to combined wind and wave actions are investigated and proposed. The expected outcomes will have important significance for academia and practical value for industry, and will provide theoretical basis and technical support for design, construction and operation of coastal high-speed railway bridges.

本项目围绕“一带一路”国家战略和面向复杂海域高速铁路桥梁发展建设的重大需求，采用现场实测、风-浪联合试验、理论分析和数值模拟相结合的方法，系统地开展风-浪联合作用下高速铁路桥梁行车安性及控制方法研究。首先分析近海桥址区风-浪环境特性，建立近海桥梁风-浪环境要素的联合概率分布模型，给出不同重现期风-浪环境荷载参数；构建高速铁路列车-桥梁的风-浪联合试验系统，发展高速铁路桥梁结构风-浪联合试验技术，探明不同风-浪状态静态、动态列车-桥梁系统的风-浪联合荷载特性；在此基础上，建立风-浪-列车-桥梁耦合振动精细化模型，明确影响行车安全的关键因素，提出风-浪联合作用下保障高速铁路行车安全的评价指标限值标准和安全评价方法。最后，研究并提出适用于风-浪联合作用下高速铁路桥梁行车安全控制方法。预期研究成果具有重要学术意义和实用价值，为跨海高速铁路桥梁的设计、施工和运营提供必要的理论基础和技术支撑。

不同于内陆区域，对于近海区域建造的高速铁路桥梁，复杂海洋环境下的风-浪联合作用不仅影响桥梁的振动响应，且会对轨道平顺度产生不利影响，将直接威胁到跨海高速铁路桥梁运营及行车安全。开展近海桥址区风-浪环境特性、风-浪联合作用下跨海高速铁路桥梁行车安全性及控制方法的研究，已成为高速铁路建设过程中急需解决的关键课题。.本项目采用现场实测、风洞浪槽试验、理论分析和数值模拟相结合的方法，系统研究近海桥址区风-浪环境特性及荷载参数确定方法，揭示复杂海洋环境荷载作用下高速铁路桥梁桥上行车安全的深层次机理和规律，建立风-浪联合作用下高速列车行车安全评定理论和方法，发展高速铁路列车安全行车控制方法。通过该项目的研究取得如下成果：.（1）基于实测数据，研究了近海桥址区风-浪环境参数相关性并建立了合适的风-浪联合概率模型，获得了桥址处风-浪环境要素。基于风洞浪槽试验，研究了风生波浪及多波浪场耦合特性。为后续开展风-浪联合作用下列车-桥梁系统气动力测试提供风-浪参数。.（2）开展了静态列车-桥梁系统的风-浪联合试验，获得了不同波高、不同波周期、不同风速、不同桥下净空及不同风攻角下单（双）线列车-桥梁系统的气动力。基于风洞浪槽试验，研究了风-浪联合作用下桥面板波浪抨击作用规律，分析了强风环境（桥面板开孔）对桥梁上部结构波浪砰击作用的影响规律及最不利荷载组合值。并结合CFD数值模拟，研究了运动波浪边界影响下流线型箱梁气动特性及高速铁路列车-桥梁系统的风-浪联合荷载特性与作用。研究成果为跨海高速铁路桥梁的设计提供重要的试验数据支撑。.（3）建立了风-浪联合作用下高速铁路列车-桥梁耦合振动精细化仿真模型，分析了风-浪环境要素对列车-桥梁耦合振动响应的影响关系。建立了风-浪联合作用下行车临界状态和能力准则及行车概率需求模型，提出了风-浪联合作用下行车安全评价方法。研究成果对跨海高速铁路桥梁的安全运营具有重要指导意义。