Studies on the faunistic taxonomy and ecology of soil mites is a central topic for discussion in the study of the soil zoology.The soil mites as an important functional components of the soil animals with a high species richness,wide distrubiton,and abundance in microarthropods in soil.They play a vital role such as decomposition of soil organic matters, changing of physico-chemical properties of soil, cycling of nutrients and energy,ecotoxicological diagnosis of the soil,and monitoring soil environment variations in the ecosystem.. In order to provide scientific evidence of the present status ,characteristics of the faunal distribution ,species diversity and tempo-spatial variation (mainly seasonal dynamics ) of the soil mites of which in relation to the environmental factors in the extreme environment of Turpan basin in Xinjiang, northwest of China,the characteristics of faunal distribution,the seasonal dinamics,the relationships between fauna nad seasonal dynamics,and as well as thier indications to soil environment will be analyzed by the combined methods of the morphological taxonomy and ecological methods ,using the parameters such as the elements of fauna ,individual density, number of taxa,Shannon-Wiener species diversity index,Margalef abundance index ,Pielou evenness index ,Jaccard similarity index ,density-group index, the analysis of Euclidean distance(ED) and hierarchical cluster (multidimensional scaling,MDS), the Oribatid mites MGP analysis and Maturity index (MI) of the predatory mites,as well as the assemblages of soil mites will be analysed with respect to the site and soil environmental variables using principal component analysis-PCA, canonical correspondence analysis-CCA, multivariate similarity cluster analysis (MSCA), and redundancy analysis-RDA.The dynamical analysis will made on the comprehensive effects of the main environmental stressors (factors) on the seasonal change and spatio-temporal variability of the soil mites, and its response to the environmental factors by the characteristics of soil mite faunal indices and the space-time ditribution patterns in these ecosystems.. The project has an important theoretical significance and scientific value in the comprehensive understanding of the whole China's soil mites fauna,biodiversity,systematic evolution,and the ecological effects of the soil mites ,as well as the bioindicators to the soil quality in our country.
土壤螨类区系分类及其生态分布规律的研究是土壤动物学研究的中心议题。土壤螨类作为土壤动物中的重要功能组分,分布广、个体数和种群数量最多的小型节肢动物,在陆地生态系统物质循环、能量流动、土壤生态毒理诊断和环境变化监测等方面具有特殊的功能。. 本项目采用形态特征分类和生态学相结合的方法,研究新疆吐鲁番盆地特殊环境土壤螨类区系分类、生态分布特征及其与环境要素之间的相关性,重点查明该特殊区域土壤螨类物种现状、区系分布特征、生态特征(物种多样性、丰富度、均匀度、相似度、聚类及多尺维度等)时空动态及其与环境要素之间的相互关系(CCA、MSCA、RDA等)。通过螨类区系及生态特征的时空分布及其与环境要素的关系来揭示该区土壤螨类区系分布特点及其动态变化规律以及环境要素对其影响的作用机制。. 本研究对全面认识我国土壤螨类区系、物种多样性、系统演变规律以及土壤螨类的生态效应及其环境指示作用等方面都具有重要的理论意义和科学价值。
土壤螨类区系分类及生态学研究是土壤动物学研究中的中心议题。土壤螨类是土壤动物中重要功能组分,种类多、分布广、物种多样性高、敏感性强、个体密度和种群数量最多的优势类群,在生态系统物质循环、能量流动和土壤环境变化监测等方面具有特殊的功能。本项目采用了形态特征分类及生态学相结合的方法,重点查明了吐鲁番盆地土壤螨类物种现状、区系特征、物种多样性及其与环境因素之间的关系。结果显示:①采集到中小型土壤动物2门11纲28目,其中甲螨亚目、弹尾目和小杆目和垫刃目为优势类群。在不同生境个体数和类群数和多样性之间差异显著(P<0.05),多样性指数为Ⅲ>Ⅰ>Ⅶ>Ⅱ>Ⅹ>Ⅳ>Ⅷ>Ⅸ>Ⅵ>Ⅴ。②初步鉴定出土壤螨类4(亚)目89科136属156种,包括新疆新纪录种25个,中国新记录种7个。③针对78种甲螨区系分析表明,在世界动物地理区划中可划分为13个区系型,其中古北界与东洋界的共有种最多。在中国动物地理区系中可划分为24个区系类型,其中蒙新区与华中区的重叠率最高。④土壤螨类物种组成和数量分布在不同生境、季节和土层间具有显著差异(P<0.05)。⑤物种多样性指标在不同生境和季节间均有显著差异(P<0.05),其中多样性指数顺序依次为I>II>VIII>III>VII>IV>V>VI>X>IX。⑥系统聚类及多尺纬度分析将十种不同生境分为人为干扰生境、草地生境、荒漠生境及人工林生境类型4组,物种间的相似性基本处于中等不相似。⑦土壤捕食性螨类有2目35科59属73种,其中特氏全盾螨和东方厚厉螨为优势种。种类、个体数及物种多样性指标在不同生境之间均存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中物种多样性指数顺序依次为I>II>VII>II>VI>IV>VIII>V>X>IX,捕食性螨类以k选择型为主。⑧研究区不同生境、不同季节及不同土层间土壤要素差异显著(P<0.05)。⑨不同甲螨种类对不同重金属具有不同的生物富集作用。⑩土壤螨类区系及物种多样性指标具有明显的生境和季节特征,湿度、植被类型和人为干扰是影响多样性及其动态变化的主要因素。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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