高回弹力植物油基热塑性弹性体设计制备及其结构与性能关系

As feedstocks for the preparation of chemicals, renewable resources have become an important competitor to fossil resources with the foreseeable depletion of petroleum feedstocks and increased demand for biodegradable and sustainable products. Plant oils are important biomass and have been widely used in chemical industry. Although plant oils based polymer, such as thermoset resins and thermoset elastomers, are developed. Their applications are still limited due to the lack of high efficient monomer preparation and well-defined thermoplastic macromolecule design methods. Recently, the author have developed a novel method to synthesize mono-functional soybean oil monomers, and designed soybean oil based triblock thermoplastic elastomers via living/controlled free radical polymerization. Herein, triblock and multi-graft high resilient thermoplastic elastomers derived from soybean oil and lactide will be developed via the combination of living/controlled free radical polymerization and ring-opening polymerization. We will study the chain entanglement behavior, rheological properties, and mechanical properties of these high resilient thermoplastic elastomers, highlight the structure-property relationships. This should help us to uncover knowledges on how to design and prepare plant oil based thermoplastic polymers, which will reduce the environment problems and food safety concerns caused by waste oils.

随着传统高分子所依赖的石化资源日益枯竭，生物质高分子材料倍受关注。植物油是一种重要的可再生资源，已被广泛用于高分子材料的制备。植物油高分子链柔顺、缠结难和自增塑的特点使其成为高回弹力热塑性弹性体软段的理想选择，然而目前所合成的植物油基热塑性弹性体回弹力不足。本项目将在前期高效方法合成植物油单体和活性自由基聚合方法制备三嵌段热塑性弹性体的基础上，结合活性自由基聚合和开环聚合设计制备一系列基于植物油和乳酸的高回弹力热塑性弹性体。研究聚合条件对热塑性弹性体分子链结构均一性和回弹力的影响，分析植物油软段分子量及玻璃化转变温度与弹性体回弹力之间的相互关系，探讨不同分子链结构对弹性体微相分离行为、流变特性及力学性能的作用机制，阐明植物油作为软段在热塑性弹性体中的关键作用，提出植物油基热塑性弹性体高回弹力形成的机理。本项目的实施将为设计制备植物油基热塑性弹性体提供理论基础和创新思路。

植物油脂高分子因来源丰富、绿色环保，是生物质高分子材料研究和产业化的重要领域。植物油由于其独特的脂肪酸链结构，是制备弹性体的良好原料。高弹力弹性体机械性能独特，但人工合成高弹力弹性体仍然是一个挑战。本项目通过引进高效的催化体系将植物油及其衍生物转化为一系列单体，进一步通过聚合和高分子改性获得了一系列热塑性聚合物；在此基础上，制备纤维素接枝植物油热塑性弹性体，研究纤维素刚性主链对力学强度和弹力的影响；设计主链型聚酰胺弹性体，系统地研究主链和侧链型油脂高分子热塑性弹性体的强度、韧性、弹力等性能的影响；为进一步提高弹力，构筑植物油高分子基的交联网络获得热固性弹性体，对高弹力形成的机理进行研究。此外，在高弹性材料均一的网络、长而柔顺的高分子链和小的分子链间摩擦力的特性基础上，设计高强度高弹力的生物基水凝胶。此外，项目组就植物油酯高分子领域进行了拓展研究：探索纳米纤维素/植物油脂高分子复合材料的制备与功能性应用；利用植物油基热塑性聚合物增韧聚乳酸，在不降低力学强度的基础上显著增加聚乳酸的韧性并探究其增韧性。.以上结果在Nature Communications, Macromolecules, Polymer Chemistry等期刊上发表SCI论文11篇，获得发明专利授权3项，同时培养在读硕士研究生3和在读博士研究生1人。