基于激光雷达研究西北地区生物气溶胶垂直分布及其对云特性的影响机理

Atmospheric bioaerosols have significant impacts on the global climate change, environmental pollution and public health; however, there is still lack of accurate and comprehensive knowledge of spatiotemporal distributions of their physicochemical characteristics at present. Therefore, it is very urgent and vital to carry out real-time, reliable and continuous measurements of bioaerosols. Exploiting the unique advantages of active remote sensing for laser, this project intends to primarily realize the real-time, fast, reliable and remote sensing continuous observations of bioaerosol properties by using a Multi-wavelength Raman-Fluorescence lidar that just developed by Lanzhou University lidar team. And seasonal variations of the vertical distributions of bioaerosol optical properties, water vapor mixing ratio and fluorescence spectral features will be observed using the developed lidar at the Semi-Arid Climate and Environment Observatory of Lanzhou University (SACOL) and Integrated Study Base in Zhangye Arid area. Hence we can deeply investigate the characterization of vertical distributions of bioaerosol over northwest China, and further reveal their influence mechanism on cloud microphysical characteristics. The implementation of this project will help us more deeply understand the importance role of bioaerosol in atmospheric physical processes in northwest China, then provides valuable data and knowledge for further evaluating their climatic and environmental effects.

生物气溶胶对全球气候变化、环境污染以及公共卫生安全等方面有重要的影响，而当前还缺乏对其特性时空分布特征的准确、系统的认识。因此，开展生物气溶胶的实时、可靠连续观测研究是非常迫切和重要的。本项目拟利用激光主动式遥感的独特优势，基于兰州大学自主开发的多波段拉曼-荧光光谱仪式激光雷达系统，重点开展针对生物气溶胶性质的实时、快速、可靠、非接触式的连续观测研究，获得西北典型地区（兰州大学半干旱气候与环境观测站SACOL和张掖干旱综合试验研究基地）不同季节生物气溶胶的物理光学特性，以及水汽混合比和荧光光谱等多个参量的高时空分辨率、高质量的观测资料集，深入研究我国西北大气中生物气溶胶特性的垂直分布特征，进一步揭示其对云微物理特性的影响机理。项目的实施，将有助于我们加深理解生物气溶胶在西北地区大气物理过程中的重要性，为今后进一步评估生物气溶胶的气候和环境效应提供宝贵的观测资料及理论依据。

生物气溶胶对全球气候变化、环境污染以及公共健康等方面有重要的影响，而当前还缺乏对其特性时空分布特征的准确、系统的认识。因此，开展生物气溶胶的观测研究是非常迫切和重要的。本项目综合激光遥感和滤膜采样分析的技术优势，主要开展生物气溶胶性质的观测研究，研究内容包括：一是升级多波段拉曼-荧光光谱仪式激光雷达系统，重点是探测生物气溶胶全光谱信息的垂直分布，获得其性质的时空分布，提高生物气溶胶遥感探测能力；二是开展多次北方沙尘-生物气溶胶野外观测研究，2016年-2019年期间每年在我国多地开展野外观测，采集大范围大气生物气溶胶的样品，获得宝贵的资料；三是研究沙尘传输路径上的大气生物气溶胶性质时空变化特征，发现生物气溶胶在沙尘传输路径上的分布差异及其演变规律；四是初步探讨沙尘-水汽-云相互作用的机制研究，为今后研究生物气溶胶-云相互作用奠定基础。项目的实施，有助于我们加深理解生物气溶胶在大气中的时空分布特征，为今后进一步评估它的气候和环境效应提供宝贵的观测资料及理论依据。